【摘要】：應(yīng)縣木塔全稱佛宮寺釋迦塔,始建于公元1056年,現(xiàn)高65.86m,是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最古老最高的閣樓式木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。木塔歷經(jīng)近千年滄桑,經(jīng)受了多次強(qiáng)烈地震和戰(zhàn)火洗禮,仍屹立不倒,展示著中國(guó)古代建筑的高超技術(shù)。但由于木材材質(zhì)變化和強(qiáng)外力的多次作用,木塔現(xiàn)狀殘損嚴(yán)重,亟待保護(hù)與加固。其中,明層柱架節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)于應(yīng)縣木塔整體結(jié)構(gòu)的抗側(cè)力性能十分關(guān)鍵。 本文總結(jié)了已有的應(yīng)縣木塔木材材性試驗(yàn),其中古木與新木相比橫紋承壓強(qiáng)度退化嚴(yán)重,木塔主要用材華北落葉松與東北落葉松力學(xué)性能相近�；诂F(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查對(duì)明層柱架節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步構(gòu)造分析,其中角柱柱頭節(jié)點(diǎn)中的闌額不做榫頭直接插入柱子卯口。 以構(gòu)造相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單明確的平柱柱頭節(jié)點(diǎn)為原型,采用落葉松制作了2個(gè)足尺模型,在200kN、350kN和500kN軸向壓力下,分別進(jìn)行了順闌額方向和垂直闌額方向的水平低周往復(fù)加載試驗(yàn),并基于ANSYS對(duì)試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。試驗(yàn)表明,節(jié)點(diǎn)在往復(fù)荷載作用下的受力機(jī)理為柱子發(fā)生搖擺,通過(guò)豎向荷載提供的反彎矩抵抗側(cè)力,闌額、普拍枋局部橫紋承壓,產(chǎn)生較大的塑性變形。柱架節(jié)點(diǎn)的主要破壞模式為柱子橫紋開(kāi)裂及普拍枋嚴(yán)重壓縮劈裂。節(jié)點(diǎn)整體抗震性能好,耗能能力強(qiáng),但自恢復(fù)能力差,受荷后殘余變形大。在往復(fù)荷載作用下,會(huì)出現(xiàn)明顯的殘損現(xiàn)象。節(jié)點(diǎn)在各方向上力學(xué)性能不同,順闌額方向相比垂直闌額方向,節(jié)點(diǎn)剛度大,承載力高,延性和耗能性能差,但總耗能能力(總滯回面積)強(qiáng)。豎向荷載大小對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)力學(xué)性能也有影響,隨豎向荷載的增加,節(jié)點(diǎn)的剛度增大,但耗能性能基本不變。
[Abstract]:Yingxian wooden tower, which was built in 1056 AD and is now 65.86m high, is the oldest and highest attic wooden structure in China. After nearly a thousand years of vicissitudes, many strong earthquakes and baptism of war, the wooden tower still stands, showing the superb technology of ancient Chinese architecture. However, due to the change of wood material and the effect of strong external force, the status quo of wooden tower is badly damaged, which needs to be protected and strengthened urgently. Among them, the open layer column frame joint is very important to the lateral force resistance of the whole structure of Yingxian wooden tower. In this paper, the existing timber properties tests of Yingxian wooden tower are summarized. The compressive strength of the old wood is more serious than that of the new wood, and the mechanical properties of the main timber of the tower are similar to those of the northeast larch and the North China larch. Based on the field investigation, the structure of the open layer column joint is further analyzed, in which the diaphragm in the corner column joint is not tenon directly inserted into the post socket. In this paper, two full-scale models are made by using larch as a prototype with relatively simple and definite structure. Under the axial pressure of 200kN 350kN and 500kN, the horizontal low-cycle reciprocating loading tests are carried out in the direction of the diaphragm and the direction of the vertical diaphragm, respectively. The experiment is simulated based on ANSYS. The experimental results show that the stress mechanism of the joint under reciprocating load is that the column is swayed and the anti-bending moment provided by vertical load is used to resist the lateral force, the diaphragm and the common pat Fang local transverse line pressure, resulting in large plastic deformation. The main failure modes of column joints are column transverse cracking and severe compression splitting. The whole joint has good seismic performance and strong energy dissipation ability, but its self-recovery ability is poor, and the residual deformation after loading is large. Under the action of reciprocating load, there will be obvious damage phenomenon. The mechanical properties of the joints are different in each direction. Compared with the vertical apertures along the apertured direction, the joints have large stiffness, high bearing capacity, poor ductility and energy dissipation, but the total energy dissipation capacity (total hysteresis area) is strong. With the increase of vertical load, the stiffness of the joint increases, but the energy dissipation performance is basically unchanged.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU366.2

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本文編號(hào)：2213726