【摘要】：為緩解快速城市化造成的物種多樣性危機(jī)及人地沖突,構(gòu)建“城市森林”及其他生態(tài)景觀是近幾十年來許多地方普遍采用的方式。城市森林的理念之一是在高密度的人居環(huán)境中為物種提供棲息和活動場所。在城市森林及其他生態(tài)景觀的研究與規(guī)劃中,結(jié)合特定物種(景觀使用者)行為的景觀連接度問題已得到業(yè)界越來越多的重視。然而,在基于物種行為的景觀結(jié)構(gòu)的分析和建模方面,包括在如何準(zhǔn)確量化真正意義上的“景觀連接度”的問題上,學(xué)術(shù)界尚未達(dá)成一致。受到反規(guī)劃途徑中圖-底轉(zhuǎn)化思想的啟發(fā),本文旨在引入一種全新的功能連接度分析方法和建模方式。 空間句法是一套在建筑及城市規(guī)劃學(xué)科中廣泛使用的框架體系,其適用對象為人工系統(tǒng)�？紤]到自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中動物行為與人工系統(tǒng)中人類行為在某些方面的相似性,本文本文擬將這種人工智能語言用于基于物種行為的景觀連接度建模中,并通過案例研究展示其在景觀連接度研究中的優(yōu)勢。 鑒于鳥類邊緣種偏好的棲息地景觀在空間構(gòu)型上與空間句法軸線圖的適用對象具有相似性,本文在具體操作中擬將空間句法軸線圖借用于基于鳥類邊緣種行為的景觀連接度研究。介紹了某類傳統(tǒng)連接度量化方法及物種遷移模型,通過文獻(xiàn)綜述歸納出其局限性,提出基于個體的模型需要改進(jìn)的方面(例如：在反映個體對不同景觀元素差異化的選擇,以及在更高尺度上預(yù)測物種與景觀互動信息方面)；基于反規(guī)劃的思想,提出將空間句法相關(guān)模型引入到“邊緣種-棲息地”互動等景觀生態(tài)學(xué)問題的設(shè)想,利用空間句法軸線圖對賀州城市森林規(guī)劃進(jìn)行案例研究。在初步分析了鳥類邊緣種偏好景觀的“自由空間”后,得出了空間系統(tǒng)的集成度和智能值等參數(shù)并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的解釋說明。模擬研究結(jié)果以及相應(yīng)的文獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容展示了軸線圖模型在基于行為學(xué)的景觀連接度研究中的優(yōu)勢,包括能反映物種對不同形態(tài)景觀元素的移動選擇行為并解釋其在方向和距離上的差異,可根據(jù)物種在鄰域范圍的感知信息聯(lián)系其在復(fù)合尺度的行為等。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the crisis of species diversity and human-land conflict caused by rapid urbanization, the construction of "urban forest" and other ecological landscape has been widely used in many places in recent decades. One of the concepts of urban forests is to provide habitat and activity for species in high-density human settlements. In the research and planning of urban forest and other ecological landscape, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of landscape connectivity combining the behavior of specific species (landscape users). However, on the analysis and modeling of landscape structure based on species behavior, including how to accurately quantify the "landscape connectivity" in the true sense, the academic community has not reached agreement. Inspired by the idea of graph-bottom transformation in the anti-programming approach, this paper aims to introduce a new method of functional connectivity analysis and modeling. Spatial syntax is a framework system widely used in architecture and urban planning, which is applied to artificial system. Considering the similarity between animal behavior in natural ecosystem and human behavior in artificial system, this paper intends to use this artificial intelligence language in landscape connectivity modeling based on species behavior. And through the case study to show its advantages in the landscape connectivity research. In view of the similarity between the habitat landscape of bird marginal species preference and the applicable objects of spatial syntactic axis map in spatial configuration, In this paper, the spatial syntactic axis map is used to study the landscape connectivity based on the behavior of bird marginal species. This paper introduces some traditional connectivity quantitative methods and species migration models, summarizes their limitations through literature review, and points out the aspects that need to be improved in individual-based models (for example, in reflecting the individual's choice of different landscape elements). On the aspect of predicting the interaction information between species and landscape on a higher scale), based on the idea of anti-planning, this paper puts forward the idea of introducing spatial syntactic correlation model to landscape ecological problems such as "marginal species-habitat" interaction. A case study of urban forest planning in Hezhou is carried out by using spatial syntactic axis map. After the preliminary analysis of the "free space" of bird edge species preference landscape, the integration degree and intelligent value of the space system are obtained and explained accordingly. The simulation results and the corresponding literature contents show the advantages of the axis map model in the behavior-based landscape connectivity study. It can reflect the moving behavior of species to different landscape elements and explain their differences in direction and distance. It can relate the behavior of species in the composite scale according to the perception information of species in the neighborhood.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU985.12

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