發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-19 13:11

  本文選題：被動(dòng)式房屋 + 節(jié)能��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年來，社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷的迅速發(fā)展，科技水平得到不同程度的提高，人們物質(zhì)生活得到了明顯的改善，但在逐漸地?cái)[脫解決溫飽問題的時(shí)候，卻不斷地面臨著自然環(huán)境惡化的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。人與自然和諧、可持續(xù)發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為人類發(fā)展的必然途徑和目標(biāo)。在當(dāng)今世界的建筑行業(yè)中，節(jié)能建筑提供了綠色、環(huán)保地解決方案。被動(dòng)式住宅作為節(jié)能建筑的一種形式，以極低的能耗投入來提供和維持建筑居住的舒適度。其概念由來已久，成熟的建筑技術(shù)在德國等西方發(fā)達(dá)國家廣泛應(yīng)用，收到了良好的使用效果。2012年，我國新開工建筑達(dá)到50億平方米，住宅建筑接近40億平方米，被動(dòng)式住宅在我國有著廣大的發(fā)展前景。 本文先闡述了被動(dòng)式住宅的概念、被動(dòng)式住宅的構(gòu)造設(shè)計(jì)及被動(dòng)式住宅技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的原則、被動(dòng)式住宅舒適度的評價(jià)，，并分析了我國當(dāng)前節(jié)能住宅建造的宏觀環(huán)境，從政策、法規(guī)、行政管理依據(jù)，到具體節(jié)能建筑的資金籌措以及建筑節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀、建筑節(jié)能質(zhì)量控制方法等方面內(nèi)容。整理、分析了被動(dòng)式住宅節(jié)能的技術(shù)手段，具體對建筑的外圍護(hù)構(gòu)造、建筑供熱和制冷系統(tǒng)以及可再生能源的規(guī)模使用三個(gè)方面的技術(shù)和存在問題進(jìn)行闡述和分析以及做了被動(dòng)式住宅項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)說明，用圖文并茂的形式敘述了建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)中的常規(guī)技術(shù)措施，從保溫隔熱層的性能、材料特性及施工到節(jié)能窗戶、電氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)等方面的內(nèi)容，對被動(dòng)式住宅空調(diào)及新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的介紹、照明系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)節(jié)能作了說明和分析。 在本文的最后，參照已有的節(jié)能住宅技術(shù)并結(jié)合河北省重點(diǎn)綠色建筑十佳設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際情況，對一個(gè)節(jié)能住宅實(shí)例“在水一方—C區(qū)被動(dòng)房屋(中國住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部與德國能源署國際技術(shù)合作示范項(xiàng)目)”節(jié)能技術(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)施工圖方面的技術(shù)分析，對施工后住宅節(jié)能的效果進(jìn)行了測試和評估的數(shù)據(jù)分析研究。此案例經(jīng)過建筑的材料、設(shè)計(jì)和施工工藝等技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，使建筑物不采用過多的主動(dòng)供給能量的方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能宜居的效果。此建筑所應(yīng)用的主要技術(shù)特點(diǎn)是：高保溫性、高氣密性、高舒適度；采用了分布式太陽能熱水供應(yīng)技術(shù)、室內(nèi)低溫輻射地板采暖及溫控技術(shù)、生活污水處理回收技術(shù)、室外綠地綠化噴灌技術(shù)、室外鋪裝透水地面技術(shù)、施工環(huán)境綜合控制技術(shù)等。 被動(dòng)式住宅在我國隨起步較晚，但具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。被動(dòng)式住宅的大面積推廣及既有住宅的節(jié)能改造對減少不可再生能源的消耗及水資源的使用有明顯的效果，勢必對現(xiàn)有自然環(huán)境有積極而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the social economy has been developing rapidly, the level of science and technology has been improved to varying degrees, and the material life of people has been obviously improved, but gradually getting rid of the problem of food and clothing, However, it is constantly facing the severe challenge of deterioration of the natural environment. Harmony between man and nature, sustainable development has become the inevitable way and goal of human development. In today's world of construction, energy-efficient buildings provide green, environmentally friendly solutions. As a form of energy-saving buildings, passive housing provides and maintains the comfort of residential buildings with very low energy consumption. Its concept has a long history, mature building technology has been widely used in Germany and other western developed countries, and has received good results. In 2012, the number of newly started buildings in China reached 5 billion square meters, and the residential buildings were close to 4 billion square meters. Passive housing in China has a broad development prospects. This paper first expounds the concept of passive housing, the principle of construction design and technical design of passive housing, the evaluation of passive residential comfort, and analyzes the macro environment of energy-saving housing construction in China. Laws and regulations, administrative basis, the financing of specific energy-saving buildings, the status quo of building energy-saving design, building energy-saving quality control methods and so on. Sorting out and analyzing the technical means of saving energy in passive housing, the concrete construction of the outer enclosure of the building, Describing and analysing the technology and problems of building heating and refrigeration systems and the scale of use of renewable energy, as well as highlighting passive housing projects, In this paper, the conventional technical measures in building envelope structure are described in the form of illustrations, including the performance, material characteristics and construction of thermal insulation layer, energy saving windows, and the design of electrical system, etc. The introduction of passive air conditioning and fresh air system and the technical energy saving of lighting system are described and analyzed. At the end of this paper, referring to the existing energy-saving housing technology and combining with the actual situation of the ten best design projects of key green buildings in Hebei Province, In this paper, an example of energy-saving housing, "passive housing in Shuiquan-C area (demonstration project of international technical cooperation between the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of China and the German Energy Agency)", is analyzed in terms of design construction drawings. The test and evaluation of the energy-saving effect of residential buildings after construction are carried out. Through the technical innovation of building materials, design and construction technology, the building does not adopt excessive active energy supply method to realize the effect of energy saving and livability. The main technical features of this building are: high temperature preservation, high air tightness, high comfort, distributed solar hot water supply technology, indoor low temperature radiation floor heating and temperature control technology, domestic sewage treatment and recovery technology. Sprinkler irrigation technology for outdoor green space, water permeable surface technology for outdoor pavement, comprehensive control technology for construction environment, etc. Passive housing starts late in our country, but it has a broad application prospect. The extensive promotion of passive housing and the energy-saving transformation of existing residential buildings have obvious effects on reducing the consumption of non-renewable energy and the use of water resources, which is bound to have a positive and far-reaching impact on the existing natural environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU241.91

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本文編號：1910230