【摘要】：隨著資源的消耗,我國大部分油田已進(jìn)入開采中后期,為解決石油資源開采而帶來的地層壓力下降問題,通常采取向井下注水的方式來維持地層壓力。目前注水量的檢測多采用人工讀取并記錄的方式,不但耗費(fèi)了巨大的人力成本,而且數(shù)據(jù)采集的正確率也無法得到保障。因此自動抄表系統(tǒng)便顯得尤為重要。本文在前人的研究基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合油田現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用環(huán)境的各方面需求,提出了基于攝像頭圖像采集和無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方案的智能水表集抄系統(tǒng)。采用攝像頭對機(jī)械水表表盤進(jìn)行拍照采集,通過無線數(shù)傳模塊將簡單處理后的圖像數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至由PC機(jī)充當(dāng)?shù)募刑幚砥脚_,并配合數(shù)字圖像字符識別算法獲取水表的水流量數(shù)據(jù)。首先對水表集抄系統(tǒng)的背景及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做出了調(diào)研,對比并分析了現(xiàn)有方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并針對不足做出改進(jìn);其次,對圖像數(shù)字識別算法進(jìn)行了推演,并采用MATLAB對算法進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證了算法的可行性和識別準(zhǔn)確率;然后,對智能水表集抄系統(tǒng)的軟硬件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),給出了完整的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)分析和軟件程序編寫;最后,對設(shè)計(jì)完成的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了抄表實(shí)驗(yàn)和識別驗(yàn)證,分別對不同工作環(huán)境下的水表樣本進(jìn)行了測試。本文給出的智能水表集抄系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)1.7km范圍內(nèi)水表數(shù)據(jù)采集,識別精度為±0.1。系統(tǒng)良好的實(shí)現(xiàn)的水表數(shù)據(jù)的遠(yuǎn)程集抄,并對集中抄表網(wǎng)絡(luò)的構(gòu)建做出了初步研究,為后續(xù)的智能水表集抄技術(shù)提供了新的完整解決思路。
[Abstract]:With the consumption of resources, most of the oilfields in China have entered the middle and late stages of exploitation. In order to solve the problem of formation pressure decline caused by the exploitation of oil resources, the formation pressure is usually maintained by injecting water into the well. At present, the detection of water injection is mostly manual reading and recording, which not only consumes a huge human cost, but also can not guarantee the correct rate of data acquisition. Therefore, automatic meter reading system is particularly important. In this paper, an intelligent water meter reading system based on camera image acquisition and wireless data transmission scheme is proposed according to the requirements of oil field application environment. The camera is used to take pictures and collect the mechanical water meter dial, and the simple processed image data is transmitted to the centralized processing platform acted by PC through the wireless data transmission module. And cooperate with the digital image character recognition algorithm to obtain the water flow data of the water meter. Firstly, the background and development status of the water meter collection and reading system are investigated, the advantages and disadvantages of the existing schemes are compared and analyzed, and the improvement is made in view of the shortcomings. Secondly, the image digital recognition algorithm is deduced, and MATLAB is used to simulate the algorithm, which verifies the feasibility and recognition accuracy of the algorithm. Then, the software and hardware of the intelligent water meter collection reading system are designed, and the complete hardware circuit design analysis and software programming are given. Finally, the meter reading experiment and recognition verification of the designed system are carried out, and the water meter samples under different working environments are tested respectively. The intelligent water meter collection and reading system presented in this paper can realize the data acquisition of water meter in the range of 1.7km, and the recognition accuracy is 鹵0.1. The remote reading of water meter data is well realized by the system, and the construction of centralized meter reading network is studied preliminarily, which provides a new and complete solution for the follow-up intelligent water meter collection reading technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH814.2;TP391.41

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