本文選題：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù) + 立體庫　； 參考：《天津科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：立體庫是現(xiàn)代物流高速發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,它的使用大大提高了物流企業(yè)的運(yùn)作效率和現(xiàn)代化水平,提升了倉庫空間的利用率,使得在同樣空間內(nèi)可存儲(chǔ)貨物種類、數(shù)量極大提高。但是,在倉儲(chǔ)量提高的同時(shí)對(duì)于在庫貨物的管理也有待加強(qiáng)。盤點(diǎn)是在庫貨物管理中的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容,對(duì)于貨物的實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確、高效盤點(diǎn)是企業(yè)確定倉儲(chǔ)策略的基礎(chǔ),傳統(tǒng)意義上的盤點(diǎn)一般只是對(duì)庫存貨物的實(shí)際數(shù)量進(jìn)行清查、清點(diǎn),以確保賬面與實(shí)際相符合,然而在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,除了貨物數(shù)量外,貨物存放的位置也直接影響著盤點(diǎn)結(jié)果,從而影響在庫貨物信息和倉儲(chǔ)運(yùn)作等,因此,本文提出盤點(diǎn)要在數(shù)量核查的基礎(chǔ)上,增加對(duì)于位置信息的檢查,即盤點(diǎn)定位。對(duì)于立體庫而言,總體積龐大,貨架高,貨格多,庫存貨物種類紛繁,因此對(duì)于立體庫所存貨物的盤點(diǎn)更加困難,傳統(tǒng)人至貨前盤點(diǎn)的方式效率低,實(shí)時(shí)性差,易錯(cuò)易漏,利用堆垛機(jī)移動(dòng)人員位置安全性差,更重要的是即便將盤點(diǎn)設(shè)備放置堆垛機(jī)上掃碼讀數(shù),不用人至貨前,也只能保證盤點(diǎn)數(shù)量,而無法做到檢查貨物所放位置是否正確,為了解決此問題,本文擬在立體庫中引用室內(nèi)定位技術(shù),建立自動(dòng)盤點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)。首先通過查閱文獻(xiàn)資料,對(duì)比分析室內(nèi)定位技術(shù),確定采用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)中非視距、低成本、高精度、遠(yuǎn)距離的RFID定位技術(shù),以電子標(biāo)簽和閱讀器作為通信載體。定位需要知道貨物與讀寫器之間的確切距離和位置坐標(biāo),這要通過定位算法來計(jì)算,因此本文又從測(cè)距和位置計(jì)算兩部分對(duì)基于RFID的定位算法進(jìn)行深入研究,測(cè)距部分采用RSSI測(cè)距算法,利用讀寫器讀到的標(biāo)簽的信號(hào)強(qiáng)度,通過對(duì)數(shù)距離損耗模型算出確切距離d,位置計(jì)算部分,本文采用三邊測(cè)量法,將其拓展到三維空間中,利用測(cè)距所得距離進(jìn)一步計(jì)算出位置坐標(biāo),建立該基本定位算法的流程,完成定位。然后本文分析誤差來源,環(huán)境參數(shù)的估計(jì)和已知節(jié)點(diǎn)的隨機(jī)選取使定位算法誤差加大,需要對(duì)基本算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,因此,提出"鄰近節(jié)點(diǎn)法"和"已知節(jié)點(diǎn)通信法"對(duì)基本定位算法進(jìn)行雙重優(yōu)化,并再一次建立優(yōu)化后定位算法流程。最后,采用MATLAB軟件對(duì)盤點(diǎn)定位系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),編程計(jì)算定位誤差,結(jié)果表明算法優(yōu)化后,定位精度有明顯提高,優(yōu)化效果明顯,但是由于室內(nèi)障礙物多,且節(jié)點(diǎn)密度較低等,優(yōu)化結(jié)果還不能完全滿足立體庫貨物的盤點(diǎn)定位精度要求。分析了未完全達(dá)到目標(biāo)的原因,有待加強(qiáng)研究。未來,可將本文建立的定位系統(tǒng)用于動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,更加滿足實(shí)際應(yīng)用,同時(shí)還要在定位肓區(qū)深入研究,做到最大覆蓋,真正做到將定位用于實(shí)處。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional warehouse is the product of the rapid development of modern logistics. Its use has greatly improved the operational efficiency and modernization level of logistics enterprises, improved the utilization rate of warehouse space, made the goods can be stored in the same space, the number of goods can be greatly increased. However, at the same time as the increase of storage volume, the management of goods in storage also needs to be strengthened. Inventory is an important content in warehouse cargo management. The real-time, accurate and efficient inventory of goods is the basis for enterprises to determine the storage strategy. In traditional sense, inventory is usually just an inventory of the actual quantity of goods in stock. In order to ensure that the books are in line with the actual situation, however, in practical applications, in addition to the quantity of the goods, the location of the goods stored also directly affects the inventory results, thus affecting the inventory information and the operation of the warehousing, etc., therefore, In this paper, it is suggested that the check of position information should be added on the basis of quantity check, that is, inventory location. For the three-dimensional storehouse, the total volume is huge, the shelf is high, the goods are many and the kinds of goods in stock are numerous. Therefore, it is more difficult for the inventory of the goods stored in the three-dimensional storehouse. The traditional way of checking the goods before the person arrives at the goods is inefficient, the real time is poor, the mistake is easy to leak, The use of stacker to move people's position is poor security, more importantly, even if the inventory equipment is placed on the stacker to scan the code reading, without the need to arrive at the cargo, but also can only ensure the number of counts, but not to check the location of the goods is correct, In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces the indoor positioning technology in the stereo database and establishes an automatic inventory system. Firstly, by consulting the literature, comparing and analyzing the indoor positioning technology, we decide to adopt the technology of "Internet of things", which is non-line-of-sight, low-cost, high-precision, long-distance RFID positioning technology, with electronic tags and readers as the communication carrier. Location needs to know the exact distance and position coordinate between the cargo and the reader, which must be calculated by the location algorithm. Therefore, the location algorithm based on RFID is studied in this paper from two parts: ranging and location calculation. RSSI ranging algorithm is used in the ranging part, and the signal intensity of the tag read by the reader is used. The exact distance d and position are calculated by the distance loss model. In this paper, the trilateral measurement method is used to extend it to the three-dimensional space. The location coordinates are further calculated by using the distance obtained from the distance measurement, and the flow of the basic location algorithm is established to complete the location. Then this paper analyzes the error sources, the estimation of environmental parameters and the random selection of known nodes to increase the error of the localization algorithm, which requires the optimization of the basic algorithm. In this paper, the "neighborhood node method" and "known node communication method" are proposed to double optimize the basic localization algorithm, and the algorithm flow after optimization is established again. Finally, MATLAB software is used to simulate the inventory positioning system, and the positioning error is calculated by programming. The results show that the positioning accuracy is obviously improved and the optimization effect is obvious after the optimization of the algorithm, but there are many obstacles in the room. And the node density is low, so the optimization results can not meet the inventory positioning accuracy requirements. The reasons why the target has not been completely achieved are analyzed, and the research needs to be strengthened. In the future, the positioning system can be used in the dynamic network, which is more suitable for practical application. At the same time, it should be deeply studied in the location terminally area to achieve the maximum coverage and the real location can be used in practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F253;TP391.44;TN929.5

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