本文選題：速度場 + 局部相關(guān)跟蹤　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽圖像中蘊含著大量不同尺度、不同頻率和不同速度的太陽活動的運動學(xué)信息,比如大尺度的活動(黑子、耀斑、暗條等)以及小尺度活動(微耀斑、微暗條等)。當不同尺度的太陽活動混合在一起的時候,特定目標的速度場的測量就變得非常困難,小尺度的變化會被大尺度的運動所掩蓋。本文的研究目標是利用多尺度多分辨率的思想與光流技術(shù)相結(jié)合,計算不同空間尺度的速度場,以進行混合運動速度場的測量。從而得到各種尺度太陽活動特征的運動趨勢,全面地從局部到整體理解太陽特征的運動規(guī)律,為太陽物理學(xué)家提供研究太陽活動演化的有效工具。本文主要進行了以下研究:1.論文分析了傳統(tǒng)的單一尺度速度場測量方法,然后對局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法進行改進,稱為加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法。改進的內(nèi)容主要為粗細匹配的搜索策略、將最大互相關(guān)系數(shù)作為權(quán)重對局部區(qū)域進行加權(quán)平均。并對局部相關(guān)跟蹤和加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤這兩種算法進行了比較;2.為了測量不同尺度的太陽活動的速度場,將加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法與多尺度多分辨率分層細化的思想相結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)了多尺度加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法,以測量混合運動速度場;3.為了驗證多尺度加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法的精度,首先通過模擬實驗進行誤差分析。分析結(jié)果表明我們所改進的多尺度加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法的測量誤差為1%;然后對三組真實的數(shù)據(jù)集進行速度場的測量。不僅對黑子本影和半影的速度場進行準確測量,而且在其中的兩組數(shù)據(jù)集中,還發(fā)現(xiàn)黑子本影內(nèi)有運動,這是傳統(tǒng)的單一尺度速度場測量方法不能得到的;4.討論了多尺度加權(quán)局部相關(guān)跟蹤算法的重要參數(shù),包括金字塔的層數(shù)、計算窗口大小的設(shè)置。本文所提出的方法不僅僅可用來分析相鄰時刻的變化,更重要的是從整個序列圖像的角度去考慮圖像內(nèi)容的變化。通過模擬實驗以及真實的數(shù)據(jù)測量,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)該方法不僅能夠精確測量單一尺度運動的速度場,而且可以解決混合運動中大尺度淹沒小尺度運動的問題。通過構(gòu)建金字塔圖像,可以定量的分析不同分辨率下的速度場,得到在不同空間尺度的速度場,從而體現(xiàn)各種尺度太陽活動特征的運動趨勢。
[Abstract]:The solar images contain a great deal of kinematic information of solar activities with different scales, frequencies and velocities, such as large scale activities (sunspots, flares, dark strips, etc.) and small scale activities (micro flares, small dark strips, etc.). When the solar activities of different scales are mixed together, the measurement of the velocity field of a specific target becomes very difficult, and the small scale changes will be masked by the large scale motion. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the velocity field of different spatial scales by combining the idea of multi-scale and multi-resolution with optical flow technique to measure the velocity field of mixed motion. Thus, the motion trend of solar activity characteristics on various scales is obtained, and the motion law of solar characteristics is comprehensively understood from local to global, which provides an effective tool for solar physicists to study the evolution of solar activity. This article mainly carries on the following research: 1. This paper analyzes the traditional single scale velocity field measurement method, and then improves the local correlation tracking algorithm, which is called weighted local correlation tracking algorithm. The main content of the improvement is the search strategy of coarse and fine matching, in which the maximum cross-relation number is used as the weight to weighted the local region. The local correlation tracking and weighted local correlation tracking are compared. In order to measure the velocity field of solar activity at different scales, the weighted local correlation tracking algorithm is combined with the idea of multi-scale multi-resolution hierarchical thinning, and a multi-scale weighted local correlation tracking algorithm is implemented to measure the velocity field of mixed motion. In order to verify the accuracy of the multi-scale weighted local correlation tracking algorithm, error analysis is carried out through simulation experiments. The analysis results show that the measurement error of our improved multi-scale weighted local correlation tracking algorithm is 1 and then the velocity field of three groups of real data sets is measured. Not only the velocity fields of the sunspot shadow and penumbra are measured accurately, but also in the two sets of data sets, it is found that there is movement in the shadow of the sunspot, which can not be obtained by the traditional method of single scale velocity field measurement. The important parameters of the multi-scale weighted local correlation tracking algorithm are discussed, including the number of layers of the pyramid and the setting of calculating window size. The method proposed in this paper can be used not only to analyze the changes of adjacent moments, but also to consider the change of image content from the point of view of the whole sequence of images. Through simulation experiments and real data measurements, we find that this method can not only accurately measure the velocity field of a single scale motion, but also solve the problem of submergence of large scale and small scale motion in mixed motion. By constructing pyramid image, the velocity field at different resolution can be quantitatively analyzed, and the velocity field at different spatial scales can be obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P182;TP391.41

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