基于自適應算法的汽車主動降噪系統(tǒng)的研究與設計
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-04 18:14
【摘要】：隨著汽車產業(yè)的大力發(fā)展,乘車品質逐漸被消費者所注意,這就讓汽車的噪音控制水平成為各大汽車廠商的一個瓶頸所在。汽車有著復雜的噪聲成分,其噪聲主要由低頻率噪聲組成,且夾有部分中間頻率的噪聲。之前的被動降噪技術,主要對高頻率的噪聲有很好的抑制作用,但對于低頻噪聲收效甚微。而主動降噪技術利用的是聲波干涉及相互抵消的原理,產生的次級聲波與原噪聲幅值相等、相位反轉,從而達到降噪目的。在此基礎理論之上,本文做了如下工作:首先,對課題的研究背景以及主被動降噪技術做了一定的介紹,又對其中涉及到的聲學基本原理做了分析和推導,使技術的實現有了理論的指導;同時,從汽車的自身結構出發(fā),對其噪聲的產生做了分析和介紹。其次,由于自適應濾波器具有實時性強,結構單一等優(yōu)點,因此本文的主動降噪技術主要應用了該方法。自適應濾波器主要由兩部分組成,橫向濾波器模塊和自適應修正模塊,橫向濾波器依靠自適應算法實時傳來的誤差輸入,依據誤差最小化原則來調節(jié)自身權值,以適應噪聲環(huán)境的不斷改變。與此同時,又對主動降噪的通信系統(tǒng)模型,包括前饋型、反饋型、多通道型以及混合型四類做了分析和介紹。最后,在實驗階段,對橫向濾波器的長度對濾波效果的影響進行了論證;還在基于單頻前饋雙通道系統(tǒng)模型做了對固定步長和變步長的對比實驗,并找到了本實驗模型的理想變步長參數,相比于傳統(tǒng)模型,本文的改進變步長算法降噪效果明顯,且相比于其他單通道仿真而言,本文設計的單頻雙通道仿真模型可進一步模擬真實的多通道環(huán)境,為降噪理論能夠獲得實際應用做出了一定貢獻;文中最后做了真實語音信號的仿真,從收斂性和處理時間兩方面取得了滿意的實驗結果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry, the quality of car has been paid more and more attention by consumers, which makes the noise control level of automobile become a bottleneck for major automobile manufacturers. Automobile has complex noise components, and its noise is mainly composed of low frequency noise, and there is a part of intermediate frequency noise. The previous passive noise reduction technique has a good effect on the high frequency noise, but it has little effect on the low frequency noise. The active noise reduction technique utilizes the principle of acoustic interference and mutual cancellation. The secondary acoustic wave is equal to the original noise amplitude and the phase is reversed, so the noise reduction can be achieved. On the basis of this basic theory, this paper has done the following work: first, the research background of the subject and the active and passive noise reduction technology have been introduced to a certain extent, and the basic principles of acoustics involved therein have been analyzed and deduced. The realization of the technology is guided by theory, and the noise generation of the automobile is analyzed and introduced from the view of its own structure. Secondly, because the adaptive filter has the advantages of real time and single structure, the active noise reduction technique is mainly used in this paper. The adaptive filter consists of two parts: the transversal filter module and the adaptive correction module. The transversal filter is based on the error input from the adaptive algorithm and adjusts its weight according to the principle of error minimization. To adapt to the changing noise environment. At the same time, the communication system models of active noise reduction, including feedforward type, feedback type, multi-channel type and hybrid type, are analyzed and introduced. Finally, in the experiment stage, the influence of the length of the transversal filter on the filtering effect is demonstrated, and the comparison experiment of the fixed step size and the variable step size is also done on the basis of the single-frequency feedforward double-channel system model. The ideal variable step parameters of the experimental model are found. Compared with the traditional model, the improved variable step size algorithm in this paper has obvious effect on noise reduction, and compared with other single channel simulation. The single frequency and double channel simulation model designed in this paper can further simulate the real multi-channel environment and make a certain contribution to the practical application of noise reduction theory. Finally, the simulation of real speech signal is done. The experimental results are satisfactory in terms of convergence and processing time.
【學位授予單位】：燕山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U461.4
本文編號：2164697
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry, the quality of car has been paid more and more attention by consumers, which makes the noise control level of automobile become a bottleneck for major automobile manufacturers. Automobile has complex noise components, and its noise is mainly composed of low frequency noise, and there is a part of intermediate frequency noise. The previous passive noise reduction technique has a good effect on the high frequency noise, but it has little effect on the low frequency noise. The active noise reduction technique utilizes the principle of acoustic interference and mutual cancellation. The secondary acoustic wave is equal to the original noise amplitude and the phase is reversed, so the noise reduction can be achieved. On the basis of this basic theory, this paper has done the following work: first, the research background of the subject and the active and passive noise reduction technology have been introduced to a certain extent, and the basic principles of acoustics involved therein have been analyzed and deduced. The realization of the technology is guided by theory, and the noise generation of the automobile is analyzed and introduced from the view of its own structure. Secondly, because the adaptive filter has the advantages of real time and single structure, the active noise reduction technique is mainly used in this paper. The adaptive filter consists of two parts: the transversal filter module and the adaptive correction module. The transversal filter is based on the error input from the adaptive algorithm and adjusts its weight according to the principle of error minimization. To adapt to the changing noise environment. At the same time, the communication system models of active noise reduction, including feedforward type, feedback type, multi-channel type and hybrid type, are analyzed and introduced. Finally, in the experiment stage, the influence of the length of the transversal filter on the filtering effect is demonstrated, and the comparison experiment of the fixed step size and the variable step size is also done on the basis of the single-frequency feedforward double-channel system model. The ideal variable step parameters of the experimental model are found. Compared with the traditional model, the improved variable step size algorithm in this paper has obvious effect on noise reduction, and compared with other single channel simulation. The single frequency and double channel simulation model designed in this paper can further simulate the real multi-channel environment and make a certain contribution to the practical application of noise reduction theory. Finally, the simulation of real speech signal is done. The experimental results are satisfactory in terms of convergence and processing time.
【學位授予單位】：燕山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U461.4
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