本文選題：壓電直驅(qū)噴油器 + 遲滯非線(xiàn)性��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：基于壓電執(zhí)行器直接驅(qū)動(dòng)的電控噴油器能有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)高壓燃油的精確噴射,對(duì)于大幅提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃油效率、降低運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)噪聲、減少有害物排放具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。與此同時(shí),壓電陶瓷材料作為一種特殊的多晶鐵電材料,其本身獨(dú)有的遲滯非線(xiàn)性特征及依賴(lài)于負(fù)載加載頻率和偏置應(yīng)力的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為也給壓電執(zhí)行器的建模與控制帶來(lái)了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。本文基于壓電直驅(qū)噴油這一工程應(yīng)用背景,對(duì)壓電陶瓷內(nèi)部的電疇結(jié)構(gòu)及極化翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程進(jìn)行了深入分析,并從電疇的極化翻轉(zhuǎn)角度給出了遲滯非線(xiàn)性的形成機(jī)理。結(jié)合現(xiàn)有遲滯模型的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)以及工程控制領(lǐng)域的實(shí)際需求,本文提出了一種基于朗道相變理論的動(dòng)態(tài)微分方程模型,旨在為基于模型的控制算法設(shè)計(jì)提供理論支持。本文通過(guò)構(gòu)建一個(gè)非凸本構(gòu)關(guān)系,并通過(guò)非凸本構(gòu)關(guān)系在系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)中引入分岔,成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)遲滯非線(xiàn)性行為及其對(duì)偏置應(yīng)力和加載頻率依賴(lài)性的模擬。主要內(nèi)容概括如下：第一章,主要介紹了論文的研究背景與研究意義,詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了當(dāng)前壓電噴油器的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及技術(shù)瓶頸所在,分別介紹了當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外的主流壓電噴油器產(chǎn)品及研究成果。最后引出本文的研究目標(biāo),即建立一個(gè)用于描述壓電陶瓷遲滯非線(xiàn)性行為,且適用于工程控制的模型。第二章,本章詳細(xì)介紹了壓電陶瓷材料的遲滯非線(xiàn)性特征及其形成機(jī)理。簡(jiǎn)要闡明了壓電陶瓷材料中壓電效應(yīng)、電致伸縮效應(yīng)以及鐵電效應(yīng)之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系。并從材料的微觀(guān)層面深入分析了自發(fā)極化、電疇結(jié)構(gòu)及其重定向過(guò)程,從電疇的極化翻轉(zhuǎn)角度給出了遲滯非線(xiàn)性的成因及其特點(diǎn)。簡(jiǎn)單介紹了當(dāng)前應(yīng)用與研究較多的各類(lèi)遲滯非線(xiàn)性模型,并對(duì)比分析了各個(gè)模型的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),為之后的研究分析及模型的建立打下理論基礎(chǔ)。第三章,本章以朗道相變理論為基礎(chǔ),建立起一個(gè)耦合的非線(xiàn)性常微分方程模型。通過(guò)非凸本構(gòu)關(guān)系引入動(dòng)力學(xué)分岔,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)壓電單晶遲滯非線(xiàn)性行為的準(zhǔn)確描述。在單晶模型基礎(chǔ)上,本文基于多晶材料的物理屬性,通過(guò)引入電疇分布的權(quán)重函數(shù)構(gòu)建了多晶耦合模型。最后,本章系統(tǒng)地給出了單晶模型與多晶模型的參數(shù)辨識(shí)策略,即基于最小平方誤差的參數(shù)辨識(shí)過(guò)程。第四章,本章在模型建立和參數(shù)辨識(shí)基礎(chǔ)上,本章對(duì)模型的應(yīng)力依賴(lài)性和頻率依賴(lài)性進(jìn)行的數(shù)值仿真,并與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步闡明了動(dòng)態(tài)微分模型的優(yōu)越性。第五章,對(duì)論文所做的研究工作進(jìn)行了總結(jié),并對(duì)將來(lái)進(jìn)一步的研究工作做了相應(yīng)的展望。
[Abstract]:The electrically controlled injector based on piezoelectric actuators can effectively realize the accurate injection of high-pressure fuel, which is of great practical significance to greatly improve the fuel efficiency of the engine, reduce the running noise and reduce the emission of harmful substances. At the same time, piezoelectric ceramic materials as a special polycrystalline ferroelectric materials, Its unique hysteresis nonlinear characteristics and dynamic behavior dependent on load loading frequency and bias stress also pose a great challenge to the modeling and control of piezoelectric actuators. In this paper, based on the engineering application background of piezoelectric direct drive oil injection, the domain structure and polarization reversal process in piezoelectric ceramics are deeply analyzed, and the formation mechanism of hysteresis nonlinearity is given from the angle of polarization flipping of electric domains. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing hysteresis models and the practical requirements in the field of engineering control, a dynamic differential equation model based on Landau's phase transition theory is proposed in this paper, which aims to provide theoretical support for the design of model-based control algorithms. By constructing a nonconvex constitutive relation and introducing bifurcation into the system dynamics, this paper successfully simulates the hysteresis nonlinear behavior and its dependence on the bias stress and loading frequency. The main contents are summarized as follows: in the first chapter, the research background and significance of the thesis are introduced, and the advantages and technical bottlenecks of the piezoelectric injector are explained in detail. The main piezoelectric injector products at home and abroad and their research results are introduced respectively. Finally, the purpose of this paper is to establish a model for describing the hysteresis nonlinear behavior of piezoelectric ceramics, which is suitable for engineering control. In chapter 2, the hysteresis nonlinearity and formation mechanism of piezoelectric ceramics are introduced in detail. The differences and relations among piezoelectric effect, electrostrictive effect and ferroelectric effect in piezoelectric ceramics are briefly explained. The spontaneous polarization, domain structure and their reorientation are analyzed from the microcosmic level of the material. The causes and characteristics of hysteresis nonlinearity are given from the angle of domain polarization reversal. This paper briefly introduces various kinds of hysteresis nonlinear models which are widely used and studied at present, and compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each model, which lays a theoretical foundation for the later research and analysis and the establishment of the model. In chapter 3, a coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equation model is established based on Landau's theory of phase transition. The nonlinear hysteresis behavior of piezoelectric single crystal is accurately described by introducing dynamic bifurcation into nonconvex constitutive relation. Based on the single crystal model and the physical properties of the polycrystalline material, the coupling model is constructed by introducing the weight function of domain distribution. Finally, in this chapter, the parameter identification strategies of single crystal model and polycrystalline model are given systematically, that is, the process of parameter identification based on least square error. In chapter 4, on the basis of model establishment and parameter identification, the numerical simulation of stress dependence and frequency dependence of the model is carried out, and compared with the experimental data, the superiority of the dynamic differential model is further illustrated. In the fifth chapter, the research work is summarized, and the future research work is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U464

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