汽油發(fā)動機(jī)生命周期能源消耗和環(huán)境影響評價
發(fā)布時間:2018-03-04 09:01
本文選題:汽油發(fā)動機(jī) 切入點(diǎn):生命周期評價 出處:《環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報》2016年08期 論文類型:期刊論文
【摘要】:本研究應(yīng)用生命周期評價方法,依據(jù)ISO 14040和ISO 14044等國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),通過中國某汽車生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的實(shí)地調(diào)研,核算了汽油發(fā)動機(jī)的累積能源需求(CED)、全球增溫潛勢(GWP 100 a)、酸化潛勢(AP)、光化學(xué)氧化劑形成潛勢(POCP)和富營養(yǎng)化潛勢(EP)這5個方面的環(huán)境影響.結(jié)果表明,各類型的環(huán)境影響指標(biāo)中,均是使用階段的貢獻(xiàn)最大,占貢獻(xiàn)總量的48%~94%;其次是原材料的獲取階段,原材料的獲取階段對于AP與EP的貢獻(xiàn)大于44%,而對于其他類別的環(huán)境影響的貢獻(xiàn)在9%~27%之間;生產(chǎn)階段對各種環(huán)境影響的貢獻(xiàn)小于8%.本研究辨識了汽油發(fā)動機(jī)全生命周期重大環(huán)境影響過程和關(guān)鍵貢獻(xiàn)因素,為綠色發(fā)動機(jī)的設(shè)計研發(fā)及政府政策的制定提供決策支持.
[Abstract]:According to the international standards such as ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, the life cycle evaluation method is applied to the field investigation of an automobile manufacturing enterprise in China. The environmental effects of the accumulative energy demand of gasoline engines (CED), global warming potential (GWP100aN), acidizing potential (APP), photochemical oxidant formation potential (POCPP) and eutrophication potential (EPP) are calculated. The results show that, among the various environmental impact indicators, The contribution to AP and EP in the acquisition stage of raw materials is greater than that in AP and EP, while the contribution to the other types of environmental impact is between 927% and 27%, while the contribution to the use stage is the largest, accounting for 48% of the total contribution, followed by the acquisition stage of raw materials, the contribution of which to AP and EP is greater than 44%. The contribution of production stage to various environmental impacts is less than 8%. In this study, the major environmental impact processes and key contribution factors of gasoline engine life cycle are identified, which provide decision support for the design and development of green engine and the formulation of government policy.
【作者單位】: 中國汽車技術(shù)研究中心;
【分類號】:U464.171;X82
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