本文關(guān)鍵詞：ORVR車輛加油過程的流動機(jī)理與特性研究　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 氣液兩相流 集總參數(shù)法 數(shù)值模擬 相位多普勒粒子分析儀

【摘要】：基于機(jī)動車的油氣排放控制技術(shù),即車載加油油氣回收(Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery, ORVR)技術(shù), 自美國環(huán)境保護(hù)署EPA(Environmental Protection Agency, EPA)于1994年推出該技術(shù)以來已有20多年的歷史。隨著我國機(jī)動車數(shù)量日益增多,機(jī)動車污染排放越來越受到人們的重視,ORVR技術(shù)也逐漸進(jìn)入人們的視線,但國內(nèi)對ORVR技術(shù)的認(rèn)識仍處于起步階段,相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)理論研究寥寥可數(shù),可供參考的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)更是微乎其微。為此,本文以O(shè)RVR燃油系統(tǒng)為模型,采用參數(shù)分析、數(shù)值模擬和實驗測量相結(jié)合的方法,以及相位多普勒三維動態(tài)粒子分析儀(Particle Dynamic Analyzer, PDA)、高速攝影儀等先進(jìn)測試儀器設(shè)備,對ORVR車輛加油過程中的氣液兩相流動特性進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究。本文首先建立了一種包括加油管、燃油箱和翻車閥等的集總參數(shù)法模型,將整個系統(tǒng)分割成4個控制體和2個連接閥。討論了燃油系統(tǒng)的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)、加油槍加油速率、燃油揮發(fā)性、燃油箱中的空氣／燃油蒸汽比例等參數(shù)對壓力的影響程度,成功地預(yù)測了燃油系統(tǒng)在加油過程中加油管和燃油箱內(nèi)氣相空間的壓力變化。然后利用。商業(yè)計算流體動力學(xué)(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)軟件ANSYS FLUENT分別對加油管和全尺寸的ORVR燃油系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬分析,系統(tǒng)研究了加油過程中加油管的液封現(xiàn)象、加油管管口處空氣的卷吸現(xiàn)象、加油管中的回流現(xiàn)象、加油管中的流場和燃油箱中氣相空間的壓力變化,得到了加油速度、加油管內(nèi)徑、翻車閥背壓等對氣液兩相流動的影響,并利用PDA對加油管中的流場進(jìn)行了測量,測試結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬基本吻合,驗證了所采用的CFD數(shù)值模型的可靠性。機(jī)動車加油是一個瞬態(tài)過程,為了對加油管中復(fù)雜的氣液兩相流動進(jìn)行更深入的研究,本文搭建了1：1的有機(jī)玻璃加油管、燃油箱組成的可視化實驗平臺,采用PDA和高速攝影儀等設(shè)備,測量了加油過程中加油管內(nèi)的速度流場、加油管管口和燃油箱頂部空間的壓力變化,系統(tǒng)觀察了加油過程中層流流動到湍流流動的轉(zhuǎn)變過程、沿著加油管軸線的渦旋運(yùn)動的發(fā)展過程、空氣的卷吸和空氣與液體的混合過程。本文研究成果揭示了加油管形成液封的機(jī)理及ORVR燃油系統(tǒng)加油過程中的流動特性和壓力變化,為國內(nèi)自主研發(fā)ORVR系統(tǒng)提供了可靠數(shù)據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Motor vehicle emission control technology based on oil and gas, namely vehicle gas oil and gas recovery (Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery ORVR) technology, since the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Environmental EPA Protection Agency, EPA) launched in 1994 has a history of over 20 years since the technology. With the increasing number of motor vehicles in China, more and more vehicle emission people's attention, ORVR technology has gradually entered the sight of people, but the understanding of ORVR technology is still at the starting stage, very few basic theoretical research related to the relevant data for reference is very little. Therefore, this paper uses ORVR fuel system as a model, using the method of parameter analysis, numerical simulation and experimental measurement. With the phase Doppler particle analyzer and dynamic three-dimensional (Particle Dynamic Analyzer, PDA), high-speed photography and other advanced testing equipment, to ORVR The gas-liquid two-phase flow characteristics of the vehicle refueling process were studied. The paper has established a including gas pipe, lumped parameter method model of the fuel tank and rollover valve, divide the whole system into 4 control and 2 connection valve. Discuss the geometrical structure of fuel system, refueling refueling gun the rate of volatile fuel in the fuel tank, the influence degree of the air / fuel ratio and other parameters of the steam pressure, successfully predicted the pressure changes in the fuel system during refueling refueling pipe and a fuel tank vapor space. Then using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid, Dynamics, CFD) ANSYS FLUENT software respectively. The numerical simulation analysis of gas pipe and the full size of the ORVR fuel system, the system of gas in the process gas pipe fluid seal gas outlet pipe, air entrainment phenomenon, gas pipe in the back The flow phenomena, flow field and gas pressure pipe of fuel tank in gas phase space, the gas velocity, gas tube diameter, impact on the rollover valve back pressure of gas-liquid two-phase flow, the flow of gas in the tube and the use of PDA were measured. The test results agree well with the numerical simulation, to verify the reliability of CFD the adopted numerical model. The vehicle refueling is a transient process, in order to further study the complex gas-liquid two-phase flow of gas in the tube, this paper set up the organic glass 1:1 gas pipe, visualization experiment platform composed of fuel tank, using PDA and high speed photography equipment, gas in the process gas flow velocity the tube was measured, gas pressure pipe and the fuel tank top space, observe the transformation process of laminar gas flow in the process of the turbulent flow, vortex gas along the tube axis. The development process of air, the entrainment of air and the mixing process of air and liquid. The research results reveal the mechanism of liquid seal formation and the flow characteristics and pressure changes during the ORVR fuel system filling process, which provides reliable data for the domestic research and development of ORVR system independently.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U464.136

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