【摘要】：本論文基于石圪臺(tái)煤礦含、隔水層及覆巖地質(zhì)特征,利用流固耦合相似模擬理論原理研制保水開(kāi)采非親水性相似模擬材料。利用研制的非親水性相似模擬材料模擬淺埋近距煤層重復(fù)采動(dòng)覆巖裂隙發(fā)育規(guī)律,探索導(dǎo)水通道的導(dǎo)通規(guī)律。通過(guò)采用物理模擬,對(duì)隔水層覆巖移動(dòng)特征及裂隙發(fā)育規(guī)律、上下兩煤層間覆巖厚度因素對(duì)導(dǎo)水裂隙發(fā)育的影響方面進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)合石圪臺(tái)煤礦水資源測(cè)孔的測(cè)定結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了非親水性相似材料物理模擬的可靠性。主要研究成果如下:(1)通過(guò)對(duì)隔水層力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試,隔水層破壞形式為拉伸變壞,其破斷具有突然性,在水平拉伸變形ε不超過(guò)0.20%~0.24%,隔水層就能夠保持完整,具有較強(qiáng)的隔水能力。(2)利用流-固耦合相似原理,研制保水開(kāi)采流固耦合相似模擬試驗(yàn)中的隔水層材料,尋找合理的非親水材料配比。選取砂子和石膏作為相似模擬材料的骨料,凡士林和硅油作為膠結(jié)劑。研究了材料的水理性,包括親水性、滲透性、彌合性、流固耦合軟化效應(yīng)以及材料的基本力學(xué)性質(zhì)測(cè)試,包括材料的抗壓強(qiáng)度和塑性,最終發(fā)現(xiàn)了滿足隔水層材料的合理配比,即砂子和石膏的重量比例介于6:1~8:1之間,骨料和膠結(jié)劑重量比例介于7:1~9:1之間,凡士林和硅油重量比例介于1:1~3:1之間。同時(shí)利用砂子、石膏和碳酸鈣作為原材料,配制了63種不同配比的基巖相似模擬材料,測(cè)定了每種材料的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度、抗拉強(qiáng)度、抗剪強(qiáng)度,豐富了實(shí)驗(yàn)室物理模擬采動(dòng)覆巖運(yùn)動(dòng)相似材料的選擇種類。(3)采用物理模擬的方法,考慮層采比、采高、上下煤層開(kāi)切眼錯(cuò)距等因素的變化,模擬了不同開(kāi)采條件下上下煤層開(kāi)切眼、采空區(qū)中部、停采線側(cè)的覆巖受采動(dòng)影響垮落、裂隙發(fā)育、彎曲下沉等運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。同時(shí),測(cè)定了上下煤層開(kāi)切眼側(cè)、采動(dòng)側(cè)以及停采線側(cè)的導(dǎo)水裂隙發(fā)育高度。(4)根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)水位觀測(cè)孔觀測(cè)結(jié)果分析,并將結(jié)果與運(yùn)用非親水性相似材料的物理模擬結(jié)果對(duì)比,說(shuō)明物理模擬結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采動(dòng)導(dǎo)水裂隙發(fā)育規(guī)律相吻合,達(dá)到了實(shí)驗(yàn)室物理模擬對(duì)非親水性相似材料的要求。
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[Abstract]:Based on the geological characteristics of water-bearing layer and overlying rock in Shigetai Coal Mine, the non-hydrophilic similar simulation material for water conservation mining is developed by using the theory of fluid-solid coupling similarity simulation. The developed non-hydrophilic similar simulation material is used to simulate the fracture development law of repeated mining overlying rock in shallow coal seam, and the conduction law of water diversion channel is explored. By using physical simulation, the movement characteristics and fracture development law of overlying rock in water insulation layer and the influence of overlying rock thickness between upper and lower coal layers on the development of water conductivity fracture are analyzed. Combined with the measured results of water resources hole measurement in Shigetai Coal Mine, the reliability of physical simulation of non-hydrophilic similar materials is verified. The main research results are as follows: (1) by testing the mechanical properties of the water insulation layer, the failure form of the water insulation layer is tensile deterioration, and its breaking is sudden. When the horizontal tensile deformation is not more than 0.2% 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2511025