發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-11 22:39

【摘要】：以螢石為原料的氟化學(xué)工業(yè)產(chǎn)品多達(dá)幾千種,目前尚無替代品,其需求量逐漸增大,是重要的戰(zhàn)略性礦物資源。隨著我國高品位、易選、單一型螢石礦資源的枯竭,開發(fā)利用難選的螢石礦資源已成為氟化學(xué)工業(yè)發(fā)展的重要課題。論文針對(duì)新疆某碳酸鹽型螢石礦進(jìn)行了工藝礦物學(xué)研究、浮選試驗(yàn)研究,確定了有效回收螢石的最優(yōu)工藝流程和藥劑制度。通過方解石抑制劑的篩選試驗(yàn)研究,找出高效、選擇性好的抑制劑,并對(duì)抑制劑抑制機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。礦石性質(zhì)研究表明,礦石中主要有用礦物為螢石,主要脈石礦物為方解石,其CaF2、CaCO3含量分別為48.00%、37.27%,屬于典型的碳酸鹽型螢石礦。礦石賦礦巖石主要為石灰?guī)r,礦石結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,螢石主要以半自形及它形粒狀結(jié)構(gòu),脈石礦物主要以碳酸鹽礦物為主。螢石的粒度、含量、自形程度不同,粒度變化范圍較大,粗粒為主,部分與碳酸鹽、石英成共生關(guān)系。浮選試驗(yàn)研究獲得粗選最佳條件為磨礦細(xì)度-0.074mm占85%、礦漿溫度28~30℃、礦漿pH為6~6.5、調(diào)整劑硫酸鋁用量1200g/t、調(diào)整劑水玻璃用量600g/t、捕收劑皂化油酸用量600g/t。通過不同碳酸鹽抑制劑及抑制劑組合試驗(yàn),選出抑制效果較好抑制劑為TG-1。采用一段磨礦(-0.074mm占85%)、一粗一掃八精選工藝流程和兩段磨礦(粗精礦再磨,一段磨礦-0.074mm占85%,二段磨礦-0.037mm占90%)、一粗兩掃九精工藝流程閉路試驗(yàn),分別獲得螢石精礦品位90.01%、回收率92.37%和螢石精礦品位97.24%、回收率70.66%的技術(shù)指標(biāo)。試驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果表明該藥劑制度可以很好分離螢石和方解石,也說明TG-1是一種具有選擇性的高效碳酸鹽抑制劑。通過TG-1對(duì)螢石和方解石作用的單礦物浮選試驗(yàn)、礦物表面潤濕性測試、藥劑吸附量變化等方法進(jìn)行了抑制劑作用機(jī)理研究。結(jié)果表明抑制劑TG-1對(duì)螢石抑制作用較小,而對(duì)方解石抑制作用顯著。電位測試表明,抑制劑TG-1和捕收劑皂化油酸都顯著增加了螢石、方解石的電負(fù)性,皂化油酸對(duì)螢石作用能力更強(qiáng),而TG-1對(duì)方解石吸附能力更強(qiáng)。TG-1與螢石、方解石的作用前后的紅外光譜分析發(fā)現(xiàn)吸附后礦物表面出現(xiàn)多個(gè)新的碳?xì)湔駝?dòng)吸收峰和羥基伸縮振動(dòng)吸收峰。研究表明TG-1在兩種礦物表面的化學(xué)吸附由TG-1分子中羧基等與礦物表面鈣離子化學(xué)作用形成的。
[Abstract]:There are thousands of fluorochemical industrial products with fluorite as raw material. At present, there is no substitute, and its demand is gradually increasing, which is an important strategic mineral resource. With the depletion of high grade, easy selection and single type fluorite ore resources in China, the development and utilization of refractory fluorite ore resources has become an important topic in the development of fluorine chemical industry. In this paper, the process mineralogy and flotation test of a carbonate fluorite mine in Xinjiang were carried out, and the optimal technological process and reagent system for effective recovery of fluorite were determined. Through the screening test of calcite inhibitors, the efficient and selective inhibitors were found out, and the inhibitory mechanism of the inhibitors was studied. The study of ore properties shows that the main useful mineral in the ore is fluorite and the main gangue mineral is calcite. The CaF2,CaCO3 content is 48.00% and 37.27% respectively, which belongs to typical carbonate fluorite ore. The ore-bearing rocks are mainly limestone, the ore structure is simple, the fluorite is mainly semi-self-shaped and its grain structure, and the gangue minerals are mainly carbonate minerals. The grain size, content and self-shape of fluorite are different, the grain size varies widely, the coarse grain is the main, and part of it is symbiotic with carbonate and quartz. The optimum conditions for rough separation are as follows: grinding fineness-0.074mm 85%, pulp temperature 28 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2497508