【摘要】：蒼嶧鐵礦礦山開(kāi)采速度快、開(kāi)采時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、破壞面積大,導(dǎo)致局部的地貌形態(tài)發(fā)生明顯改變,破壞了蒼嶧鐵礦礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境,造成嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題,留下地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患,損害區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境水平。進(jìn)行地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)可為類似礦區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境恢復(fù)提供有力的參考依據(jù),為采取何種治理方式指明了方向,進(jìn)行礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)與規(guī)劃研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究以蒼嶧鐵礦為研究對(duì)象。通過(guò)搜集資料和野外調(diào)查,掌握研究區(qū)礦山地質(zhì)條件、土地利用現(xiàn)狀,并進(jìn)行土地適宜性評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)獲得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià),依據(jù)條件采用模糊評(píng)價(jià)法,分層選取有代表性的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),建立地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。利用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法原理,建立評(píng)價(jià)空間、確定評(píng)價(jià)因子等級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),進(jìn)行隸屬函數(shù)計(jì)算,確定評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)權(quán)重,形成模糊評(píng)價(jià)法模型,通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算進(jìn)行地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響綜合評(píng)價(jià)。分區(qū)根據(jù)不同的現(xiàn)狀問(wèn)題進(jìn)行土地利用規(guī)劃和整體綜合治理規(guī)劃。本研究得出的主要結(jié)論有:(1)查明了蒼嶧鐵礦的空間損害特征進(jìn)行地質(zhì)環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀分析,各因素的綜合影響為重度,片區(qū)土地遭受壓占破壞,植被覆蓋率低,滑坡體積、崩塌體積較大,有較為嚴(yán)重的地面塌陷和較為密集的地裂縫,同時(shí)還有相對(duì)嚴(yán)重的水土流失和土地沙化發(fā)育,伴隨著景觀破碎的現(xiàn)象增加和大氣污染物的超標(biāo)與噪聲污染,礦區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響較為嚴(yán)重。(2)建立了蒼嶧鐵礦地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系根據(jù)代表性、綜合性、實(shí)用性、方便性等原則,從資源損毀強(qiáng)度、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)育強(qiáng)度、環(huán)境污染強(qiáng)度三個(gè)方面選取了14個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),采用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)蒼嶧鐵礦片區(qū)的地質(zhì)環(huán)境損害狀況進(jìn)行了定量評(píng)價(jià)。地質(zhì)環(huán)境影響程度綜合評(píng)價(jià)為Ⅰ片區(qū)、Ⅱ片區(qū)、Ⅲ片區(qū)受各因素的綜合影響為重度;Ⅳ片區(qū)相對(duì)影響為輕度。(3)編制了蒼嶧鐵礦地質(zhì)環(huán)境治理規(guī)劃規(guī)劃主要采取以下技術(shù)措施:露天采坑回填、排土場(chǎng)清理與田塊規(guī)劃,利用現(xiàn)有17處排土場(chǎng)對(duì)20處大型露天采坑進(jìn)行回填平整。規(guī)劃設(shè)置截排水系統(tǒng)防止水土流失,規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)排水溝、坑塘,進(jìn)行排水模數(shù)計(jì)算和排水溝橫、縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)。規(guī)劃地面塌陷防治、滑坡防治,規(guī)劃治理廢棄物堆放占?jí)和恋亍Ｒ?guī)劃礦區(qū)土地復(fù)墾、農(nóng)田防護(hù)和生態(tài)保持,建立礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)和預(yù)警機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:The mining speed of Cangyi Iron Mine is fast, the mining time is long and the damage area is large, which results in obvious changes in local geomorphology, destroys the geological environment of Cangyi Iron Mine, causes serious social and economic problems, and leaves hidden dangers of geological disasters. Damage to the level of the regional ecological environment. Geological environmental impact assessment (EIA) can provide a powerful reference for the restoration of geological environment in similar mining areas and point out the direction of how to manage it. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the geological environmental impact assessment and planning of mines. In this study, Cangyi Iron Mine was taken as the research object. Through collecting data and field investigation, we can master the geological conditions of mines, the present situation of land use, and evaluate the suitability of land in the study area. According to the obtained data, the geological environmental impact assessment was carried out. The fuzzy evaluation method was adopted according to the conditions, and the representative evaluation indexes were selected in different layers, and the geological environment impact assessment index system was established. Based on the principle of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the evaluation space is established, the grade standard of evaluation factors is determined, the membership function is calculated, the weight of evaluation index is determined, the fuzzy evaluation method model is formed, and the comprehensive evaluation of geological environment impact is carried out by mathematical operation. Zoning according to different current issues land use planning and integrated management planning. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the spatial damage characteristics of Cangyi Iron Mine are analyzed. The comprehensive influence of various factors is severe, the land is destroyed by pressure, the vegetation coverage is low, the volume of landslide is low. The volume of collapse is larger, there are more serious ground collapses and dense ground cracks, at the same time, there are relatively serious soil erosion and land desertification development, accompanied by the increase of landscape fragmentation and the over-standard and noise pollution of atmospheric pollutants. The geological environment impact of mining area is more serious. (2) the evaluation index system of geological environment impact of Cangyi Iron Mine is established according to the principles of representativeness, comprehensiveness, practicability, convenience and so on. Fourteen evaluation indexes were selected from three aspects of environmental pollution intensity and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to quantitatively evaluate the geological environment damage in Cangyue Iron Mine area. The comprehensive evaluation of the influence degree of geological environment is that the area 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2386657