【摘要】：采煤機作為實現(xiàn)煤礦生產(chǎn)機械化和現(xiàn)代化的重要設(shè)備,能夠有效提高煤炭產(chǎn)量和開采效率。采煤機電氣控制器作為采煤機內(nèi)最主要的自動化設(shè)備,它的性能及可靠性對整個采煤機的生產(chǎn)效率有著直接的影響。采煤機控制器需要安裝在機體內(nèi)狹小的控制箱中,對控制器體積有嚴格的限制,且工作時周圍存在多臺頻繁啟動的大功率電機,存在較強的電磁干擾。隨著電牽引采煤機的廣泛使用,控制對象比以往更加復雜,對控制器的性能提出了更高要求。目前遼源煤礦使用的采煤機控制器存在功能相對簡單、走線繁瑣、輸入輸出接口有限及擴展性較差的問題,因此研究開發(fā)一種高性能、有較強的可靠性及抗干擾能力的采煤機控制器,使其能夠在復雜的電磁環(huán)境下穩(wěn)定運行,具備多路數(shù)據(jù)采集功能并且能夠提供完善的保護措施,對于提高采煤機的生產(chǎn)效率具有非常大的現(xiàn)實意義。本文的主要工作是開發(fā)出以嵌入式芯片STM32F107VCT為核心的采煤機電氣控制器。論文首先簡述了滾筒式采煤機的工作過程、采煤機電氣控制器的工作環(huán)境及控制對象,然后列出了控制器的功能需求,并分析了采煤機電氣控制器在設(shè)計時的技術(shù)難點和特殊要求。最終設(shè)計出的控制器采用分布式總線結(jié)構(gòu),硬件上按功能分為主控制板、數(shù)據(jù)采集板以及牽引電機控制板,完成了采煤機控制器全部的硬件和軟件設(shè)計。由于采煤機控制器的控制對象較多,且工作環(huán)境惡劣,因此本控制器在設(shè)計時也充分考慮抗干擾能力和對各電機的保護措施。該控制器不但克服了以單片機為核心的控制器性能不足、外設(shè)資源緊張等問題,而且和傳統(tǒng)的PLC控制器相比,具有更多的數(shù)據(jù)采樣接口和更高的轉(zhuǎn)換速率,能夠?qū)Χ嗯_三相電機的每一相電流進行檢測,并提供更完善的保護功能。本文最后詳細敘述了在設(shè)計與調(diào)試中出現(xiàn)過的問題和具體的解決方法�？刂破髯罱K在模擬現(xiàn)場完成了對各項功能的測試,均達到設(shè)計要求,充分說明了該控制器設(shè)計方案的可行性和實用性。
[Abstract]:As an important equipment to realize mechanization and modernization of coal production, shearer can effectively improve coal production and mining efficiency. The electrical controller of shearer is the main automatic equipment in shearer. Its performance and reliability have a direct impact on the production efficiency of the whole shearer. The controller of the shearer needs to be installed in the small control box of the body, which has strict limits on the volume of the controller, and there are many high power motors which are frequently started in the working environment, and there is strong electromagnetic interference (EMI). With the wide use of electric haulage shearer, the control object is more complex than ever before, and the performance of controller is required higher. At present, the coal miner controller used in Liaoyuan coal mine has the problems of relatively simple function, cumbersome wiring, limited input and output interface and poor expansibility. The shearer controller with strong reliability and anti-interference ability can operate stably in complex electromagnetic environment, have multi-channel data acquisition function and provide perfect protection measures. It is of great practical significance to improve the production efficiency of shearer. The main work of this paper is to develop the electrical controller of shearer based on embedded chip STM32F107VCT. Firstly, the working process of drum shearer, the working environment and control object of electrical controller of shearer are briefly introduced, and then the functional requirements of the controller are listed. The technical difficulties and special requirements in the design of shearer electrical controller are analyzed. Finally, the controller is designed with distributed bus structure, the hardware is divided into main control board, data acquisition board and traction motor control board according to its function. All the hardware and software design of the controller is completed. Because the controller of shearer has many control objects and bad working environment, the anti-interference ability and the protective measures for each motor are also fully taken into account in the design of the controller. The controller not only overcomes the problems of low performance and shortage of peripheral equipment resources, but also has more data sampling interface and higher conversion rate than the traditional PLC controller. It can detect each phase current of three-phase motor and provide better protection function. At the end of this paper, the problems and solutions in design and debugging are described in detail. Finally, the controller has completed the test of each function in the simulation field, and all of them meet the design requirements, which fully explains the feasibility and practicability of the design scheme of the controller.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD421.6

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