【摘要】：本文以大同某礦6#煤回采工作面運輸巷為工程背景，結合高應力全煤巷道圍巖變形破壞特征、煤巷全斷面錨桿索支護包絡圈理論、高應力全煤巷道圍巖支護參數(shù)與方式，綜合研究了高應力全煤巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制技術的影響因素。采用煤體原位力學特性試驗測定、高應力全煤巷道圍巖支護相似模擬、數(shù)值模擬、工程應用等方法，對高應力全煤巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制的支護參數(shù)及其聯(lián)合支護方案進行了研究，并在工程施工中對高應力全煤巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性進行了監(jiān)測，研究得出以下幾點結論： 1、深埋高應力全煤巷道圍巖，在高地應力及軟巖煤體流變效應的影響下，其巷道圍巖煤體原位力學性能強度偏低、自穩(wěn)能力較差，在高地應力的作用下巷道圍巖極易發(fā)生坍塌、冒落，高應力全煤巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性維護極為困難。對大同某礦6#煤回采工作面全煤巷道圍巖煤樣進行單軸壓縮試驗，巷道圍巖在力學性質上主要表現(xiàn)為流變、塑性性質，這是造成巷道掘進初期圍巖變形量大以及變形速率快的根本原因。 2、針對高應力全煤巷道圍巖特性，，結合煤巷變形破壞特征，提出全斷面錨桿索包絡圈支護技術，其巷道圍巖完整性得到改善，巷道圍巖支護結構的承載能力得到提高；分析表明煤體原位力學性質、巷道圍巖支護參數(shù)及聯(lián)合支護形式的合理選擇直接決定高應力全煤巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定控制。 3、針對高應力全煤巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制，采用全斷面錨桿（索）聯(lián)合支護方式，高應力作用下的全煤巷道圍巖僅發(fā)生較小的變形破壞，隨著載荷的不斷增大，全煤巷道最終能保持一個良好的穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，全煤巷道圍巖應力、變形基本上得到較為完善的控制，全斷面錨桿（索）聯(lián)合支護方式改善煤巷變形破壞效果較為顯著。 4、模擬試驗研究表明，將改進方案與原方案普通錨桿索支護相比，采用全斷面錨桿（索）聯(lián)合支護方式使得高應力全煤巷道圍巖變形得以有限控制，其中包括頂?shù)装逡平�、兩幫相向移近量等方面。相似模擬分析可知，采用改進方案與原支護方案相比，高應力全煤巷道幫部相向移近量減小了42.6%，頂?shù)装逑鄬κ湛s量減小了63.4%，巷道斷面收縮率減小了42.5%，由此說明針對高應力全煤巷道，采用全斷面錨桿索聯(lián)合支護的方法，大大減小了巷道煤體的移動、變形、破壞，高應力全煤巷道圍巖的整體性和穩(wěn)定性得到了較大程度的改善。數(shù)值模擬結果表明，采用全斷面錨桿索包絡圈聯(lián)合支護方式對其全斷面圍巖煤體的支護效果良好，大大提高了高應力全煤巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性。 5、在工程應用的同時，對大同某礦6#煤高應力全煤巷道圍巖應力與變形進行監(jiān)測。結果表明：頂?shù)装遄畲笠平繛?0.6mm，錨索最大載荷為122.5KN，且巷道斷面收縮與頂板支護載荷均在15天以后達到了穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。表明高應力全煤巷道圍巖采用全斷面錨桿索包絡圈聯(lián)合支護煤巷取得了良好的應用效果。
[Abstract]:Taking the transportation roadway of No.6 coal mining face in Datong coal mine as the engineering background, combined with the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of high-stress Full-coal roadway, the theory of full-section bolt-cable support envelope circle, the supporting parameters and methods of high-stress Full-coal roadway surrounding rock, the influencing factors of high-stress Full-coal roadway surrounding rock stability control technology are comprehensively studied in this paper. In-situ mechanical properties test and measurement of coal body, similar simulation of surrounding rock support in high stress coal roadway, numerical simulation, engineering application and other methods are carried out to study the supporting parameters of surrounding rock stability control in high stress coal roadway and its combined support scheme. The stability of surrounding rock in high stress coal roadway is monitored and studied in engineering construction. The following conclusions can be drawn:
1. The surrounding rock of deep-buried high-stress all-coal roadway has low in-situ mechanical strength and poor self-stability under the influence of high geostress and rheological effect of soft rock coal. Under the action of high geostress, the surrounding rock of roadway is easy to collapse and fall. It is very difficult to maintain the stability of surrounding rock of high-stress all-coal roadway. The uniaxial compression test was carried out on the surrounding rock samples of the Full-coal roadway in No.6 coal mining face. The mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the roadway are mainly rheological and plastic. This is the basic reason for the large deformation and fast deformation rate of the surrounding rock in the initial stage of roadway driving.
2. According to the characteristics of surrounding rock of high-stress coal roadway and combined with the deformation and failure characteristics of coal roadway, the full-section bolt-cable enveloping ring supporting technology is put forward. The integrity of surrounding rock of roadway is improved and the bearing capacity of supporting structure of surrounding rock of roadway is improved. Rational selection directly determines the stability control of surrounding rock of high stress full coal roadway.
3. In view of the stability control of surrounding rock of high stress coal roadway, the whole section bolt (cable) combined support method is adopted. Under the high stress, the surrounding rock of the whole coal roadway only occurs small deformation and failure. With the increasing load, the whole coal roadway can maintain a good stable state eventually. The stress and deformation of the surrounding rock of the whole coal roadway are basically better. In order to improve the control, the whole section bolt (cable) combined support method is more effective in improving the deformation and failure of the coal roadway.
4. The simulation test shows that the deformation of surrounding rock of high stress full-seam roadway can be limited controlled by the combined support of full-section bolts and cables, including the displacement of roof and floor and the displacement of two sides. Compared with the protection scheme, the displacement near the roadway side is reduced by 42.6%, the relative shrinkage of roof and floor is reduced by 63.4%, and the section shrinkage is reduced by 42.5%. This shows that the method of bolt-cable combined support for high-stress coal roadway greatly reduces the movement, deformation, damage and high-stress coal mass. The numerical simulation results show that the combined support of full-section bolt-cable enveloping ring has a good supporting effect on the full-section surrounding rock, and greatly improves the stability of the surrounding rock of high-stress Full-coal roadway.
5. At the same time of Engineering application, the stress and deformation of surrounding rock of 6# coal roadway in Datong are monitored. The results show that the maximum displacement of roof and floor is 50.6 mm, the maximum load of anchor cable is 122.5 KN, and the shrinkage of roadway section and the load of roof support are stable after 15 days. Combined application of full section anchor bolt and enveloping ring to support coal roadway has achieved good application results.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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