【摘要】：礦塵是煤礦生產(chǎn)的主要災(zāi)害之一。目前,我國(guó)煤礦井下綜掘工作面粉塵濃度頻繁超標(biāo),泡沫除塵利用泡沫的黏附性對(duì)塵源進(jìn)行覆蓋,實(shí)現(xiàn)了高效抑塵的效果。但受井下復(fù)雜環(huán)境限制,泡沫除塵系統(tǒng)的整體可靠性仍需加強(qiáng),尤其是發(fā)泡劑添加環(huán)節(jié)受井下水壓波動(dòng)、受限空間等因素影響,因此針對(duì)井下泡沫降塵系統(tǒng)中發(fā)泡劑添加環(huán)節(jié),本文利用射流汽化吸液原理,設(shè)計(jì)了射流汽化吸液裝置,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在井下復(fù)雜環(huán)境下,發(fā)泡劑穩(wěn)定的穩(wěn)定添加,提升了泡沫除塵系統(tǒng)的可靠性,并成功應(yīng)用到綜掘工作面中�；谏淞餮b置在汽化過(guò)程中具有極限吸液量的特性,分析了射流裝置的汽化吸液原理,利用有限空間射流理論,研究了多噴嘴及單噴嘴射流裝置的基本方程,為射流裝置的設(shè)計(jì)提供理論基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)射流添加裝置在汽化過(guò)程中具有最大穩(wěn)定吸液量的特性,利用CFD數(shù)值模擬軟件,分析了不同噴嘴個(gè)數(shù)的射流添加裝置的吸液過(guò)程,可以得出隨著噴嘴個(gè)數(shù)的增加,射流裝置內(nèi)汽化程度逐漸降低,且射流吸液過(guò)程中汽液交界面隨時(shí)間震蕩;對(duì)射流添加裝置性能進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn),得出低壓力比吸液穩(wěn)定,高壓力比吸液波動(dòng)的特性。壓力比在0-0.25范圍內(nèi)變化時(shí),吸液量維持在3.2L/h穩(wěn)定不變;當(dāng)壓力比的范圍在0.25-0.73范圍內(nèi)時(shí),吸液量出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)。依據(jù)模擬及實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,設(shè)計(jì)了適用于泡沫降塵系統(tǒng)的射流汽化吸液裝置,解決了由于井下壓力波動(dòng),無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)泡劑精細(xì)化穩(wěn)定添加的問(wèn)題。研發(fā)了一套環(huán)形立式供氣發(fā)泡器,并將射流汽化吸液裝置、筒式發(fā)泡器、噴嘴及支架等部件作為整體進(jìn)行組裝集成,解決在掘進(jìn)工作面狹小空間處泡沫制備效率低的問(wèn)題,應(yīng)用在潘二礦掘進(jìn)工作面,掘進(jìn)面巷道中的全塵和呼塵的濃度分別降低到了42 mg/m3和10 mg/m3,降塵率達(dá)到了92.7%和92.4%,改善職工的作業(yè)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Mine dust is one of the main disasters in coal mine production. At present, dust concentration in fully mechanized driving face of coal mine in our country frequently exceeds the standard, foam dust removal covers dust source with foam adhesion, and achieves the effect of high efficiency dust suppression. However, due to the limitation of complex environment, the overall reliability of foaming dust removal system still needs to be strengthened, especially the foaming agent adding link is affected by the downhole water pressure fluctuation, limited space and so on, therefore, aiming at the foaming agent adding link in the downhole foam dedusting system, Based on the principle of jet vaporization and liquid absorption, a jet vaporization suction device is designed in this paper, which realizes the stable and stable addition of foaming agent in complex underground environment, enhances the reliability of foam dust removal system, and successfully applies it to fully mechanized working face. Based on the characteristic that the jet device has the limit amount of liquid absorption in the vaporization process, the principle of the vaporization of the jet device is analyzed, and the basic equations of the multi-nozzle and single-nozzle jet device are studied by using the theory of finite space jet. It provides a theoretical basis for the design of jet device. According to the characteristics of the maximum stable liquid absorption in the vaporization process of the jet adding device, the absorption process of the jet adding device with different number of nozzles is analyzed by using the CFD numerical simulation software, and it can be concluded that with the increase of the number of nozzles, The vaporization degree in the jet device decreases gradually, and the interface between steam and liquid oscillates with time during the jet suction process. The experimental results show that the performance of the jet adding device is stable in the low pressure ratio and fluctuating in the high pressure ratio. When the pressure ratio varies in the range of 0-0.25, the amount of liquid absorption remains stable at 3.2L/h, and when the pressure ratio is in the range of 0.25-0.73, the amount of liquid absorption fluctuates. Based on the simulation and experimental analysis, a jet vaporization suction device suitable for foam dust control system is designed, which solves the problem that the fine and stable addition of foaming agent can not be realized because of the fluctuation of downhole pressure. A set of annular vertical air supply foaming device was developed, and the parts such as jet vaporization suction device, cylinder foam apparatus, nozzle and support were assembled as a whole to solve the problem of low foam preparation efficiency in narrow space of tunneling face. The concentration of total dust and exhaling dust in the roadway of Paner Coal Mine is reduced to 42 mg/m3 and 10 mg / m3 respectively, and the dust reduction rate is up to 92.7% and 92.4% respectively, and the working environment of the workers is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD714.4;O358

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本文編號(hào)：2160841