本文選題：采動應力分布 + 直流電法�。� 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤礦開采深度的增加,受復雜地質(zhì)條件和開采條件的影響,采動圍巖應力分布及變化越來越復雜,對巷道支護及煤巖動力災害影響極大,有效探測采動圍巖應力分布及變化顯得尤為重要。針對缺乏有效的采動應力分布探測手段,本文提出利用直流電法技術(shù)進行采動圍巖應力分布探測的思路,分析基于直流電法的采動圍巖應力分布及變化探測原理,實驗測試分析煤樣在不同應力和裂隙等條件下煤層視電阻率的響應規(guī)律,現(xiàn)場測試分析采動圍巖應力分布的電法響應規(guī)律,并進行驗證。(1)分析了直流電法探測采動圍巖應力分布的原理。直流電法探測以煤巖體的導電性差異(即煤巖體電阻率)為基礎(chǔ),煤體導電特性與孔裂隙分布的演化是決定煤巖體受載過程中電阻率變化特征的主要因素,干燥煤巖體主要以電子導電為主,不同應力水平作用下的煤體,其內(nèi)部孔裂隙分布不同,從而表現(xiàn)出不同的視電阻率響應規(guī)律,即:卸壓區(qū)內(nèi),宏觀孔裂隙大量分布,視電阻率值最大,應力集中區(qū)內(nèi),原始孔裂隙大量閉合,視電阻率最低,原始應力區(qū)內(nèi)孔裂隙不受采動影響,視電阻率大小介于卸壓區(qū)和應力集中區(qū)之間。(2)實驗測試和分析了不同應力水平和孔裂隙條件下煤巖體視電阻率的響應規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn):加載初期,視電阻率隨應力增加而降低;加載中期,視電阻率隨應力增加而小幅增大,加載后期至破壞,隨應力增大視電阻率呈倍數(shù)增大。(3)利用直流電法探測手段對糯東煤礦11702工作面回風順槽動壓區(qū)進行了探測,發(fā)現(xiàn)工作面前方超前卸壓帶在距回采面0m~15m范圍內(nèi),巷道松動圈范圍約為距煤壁0m~4m,應力集中帶一般為4m~9m。結(jié)合電磁輻射技術(shù)及鉆屑量指標技術(shù)對探測結(jié)果進行了測試對比驗證,表明直流電法技術(shù)可以用來探測采動圍巖應力的分布狀況。與傳統(tǒng)測試方法相比,直流電法探測具有高效、快捷的優(yōu)勢,其區(qū)域性探測結(jié)果更加的全面、直觀。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mining depth and the influence of complex geological conditions and mining conditions, the stress distribution and variation of mining surrounding rock is becoming more and more complex, which has a great impact on roadway support and coal and rock dynamic disasters. It is very important to detect the stress distribution and change of mining surrounding rock effectively. In view of the lack of effective detecting means of mining stress distribution, this paper puts forward the idea of detecting the stress distribution of mining surrounding rock by using direct current method, and analyzes the stress distribution and change detection principle of mining surrounding rock based on DC method. The response law of apparent resistivity of coal seam under different stress and fissure is analyzed by experiment, and the electric response law of stress distribution of mining surrounding rock is analyzed by field test. The main results are as follows: (1) the principle of detecting the stress distribution of mining surrounding rock by DC method is analyzed. Based on the difference of electrical conductivity of coal and rock mass (i.e. coal and rock resistivity), the electrical conductivity of coal body and the evolution of pore and fissure distribution are the main factors that determine the change of resistivity during the loading process of coal and rock mass. The dry coal and rock mass are mainly electrically conductive, and the distribution of internal pores and fractures in the coal body under different stress levels is different, thus showing different apparent resistivity response laws, that is, large distribution of macroscopic pore fractures in the pressure relief zone. The apparent resistivity is the largest, and in the stress concentration area, the original hole fissure is largely closed, the apparent resistivity is the lowest, and the hole fissure in the original stress zone is not affected by mining. The apparent resistivity is between the relief zone and the stress concentration area. (2) the response law of apparent resistivity of coal and rock mass under different stress levels and pore fractures is tested and analyzed experimentally. It is found that the apparent resistivity decreases with the increase of stress at the initial loading stage; In the middle period of loading, apparent resistivity increases slightly with the increase of stress, and from the later stage of loading to failure, and increases in multiple with the increase of stress. (3) the dynamic pressure area of return air in 11702 face of Naodong Coal Mine is detected by means of direct current method. It is found that in the 0m~15m range from the mining face in front of the working face, the loosening zone of the roadway is about 4 m from the coal wall, and the stress concentration zone is generally 4 m ~ 9 m. Combined with electromagnetic radiation technology and drilling chip quantity index technology, the test results are compared and verified. The results show that the direct current method can be used to detect the stress distribution of mining surrounding rock. Compared with the traditional testing method, DC detection has the advantages of high efficiency and fast, and its regional detection results are more comprehensive and intuitive.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD326

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