發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-02 09:07

  本文選題：開(kāi)采沉陷 + 構(gòu)造應(yīng)力��； 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：金屬礦山由于其地質(zhì)構(gòu)造和采礦工藝的特點(diǎn),礦區(qū)地表變形影響因素具有灰色性和復(fù)雜性,地表移動(dòng)變形機(jī)理和時(shí)空演化規(guī)律的研究越來(lái)越受到重視。因此,基于GIS的地表變形規(guī)律研究和預(yù)測(cè),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)地表變形信息的三維可視化和時(shí)空演化規(guī)律研究,這對(duì)于礦區(qū)的安全生產(chǎn)提供重要的科學(xué)依據(jù)�；诘乇憩F(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),研究了走向觀測(cè)線和傾向觀測(cè)線上各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的位移變化規(guī)律,提出了地表變形預(yù)警區(qū)域,分析了水平移動(dòng)和沉陷移動(dòng)內(nèi)在機(jī)理。應(yīng)用GIS軟件技術(shù),生成了地表監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)3個(gè)不同周期的沉陷等值線圖和剖面圖,分析了地下開(kāi)采與地表沉陷變化態(tài)勢(shì)關(guān)系。針對(duì)地表變形影響因素的相關(guān)性和復(fù)雜灰色性,應(yīng)用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析方法,弄清了各影響因素對(duì)地表沉陷的關(guān)聯(lián)程度。提出了基于PCA與BP組合預(yù)測(cè)的方法,簡(jiǎn)化了復(fù)雜的影響因素,同時(shí)保留了絕大部分的主成分信息,對(duì)地表移動(dòng)變形的巖層移動(dòng)角進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。結(jié)果表明,提高了BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)整體預(yù)測(cè)巖層移動(dòng)角的穩(wěn)定性和精確性,預(yù)測(cè)效果總體高于BP預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性更為理想,繪出了礦區(qū)的地表移動(dòng)范圍,為礦山地表的工程布局提供決策支持。構(gòu)建了自重應(yīng)力和水平構(gòu)造應(yīng)力背景下的礦區(qū)三維數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算模型,模擬計(jì)算了兩種背景下的地表在垂直方向的位移。以地表變形傾向觀測(cè)線的1#線和4#線的地下開(kāi)采時(shí)空順序?yàn)榈湫捅尘?模擬計(jì)算地下開(kāi)采過(guò)程中誘發(fā)的巖層移動(dòng)變形規(guī)律,揭示了頂板上覆巖層的垂直變形對(duì)應(yīng)跨度的演化過(guò)程。針對(duì)金屬礦山構(gòu)造應(yīng)力存在的特點(diǎn),考慮自重應(yīng)力和構(gòu)造應(yīng)力迭加效應(yīng)的影響,將地應(yīng)力作為影響因素引入到地表移動(dòng)變形預(yù)計(jì)模型中,以現(xiàn)有礦區(qū)開(kāi)采區(qū)域進(jìn)行地表變形預(yù)計(jì),各觀測(cè)線地表監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)預(yù)計(jì)結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)和數(shù)值模擬較為吻合。研究結(jié)果表明,基于GIS的地表變形規(guī)律和預(yù)測(cè)的研究,綜合了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)、數(shù)值模擬和理論分析等研究手段,揭示了礦區(qū)地表沉陷機(jī)制和時(shí)空演化規(guī)律,為礦山的安全生產(chǎn)提供了技術(shù)支撐,對(duì)于輔助礦山實(shí)現(xiàn)高效生產(chǎn)這一目標(biāo)意義重大。
[Abstract]:Because of the characteristics of geological structure and mining technology of metal mines, the influencing factors of surface deformation in mining areas are grey and complex, and the research on the mechanism of surface movement and deformation and the law of space-time evolution has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, the research and prediction of surface deformation law based on GIS can realize the three-dimensional visualization of surface deformation information and the study of space-time evolution law, which provides an important scientific basis for safe production in mining area. Based on the field monitoring data, the displacement variation law of each monitoring point on the trend observation line and the tendency observation line is studied, the early warning area of surface deformation is proposed, and the inherent mechanism of horizontal movement and subsidence movement is analyzed. By using GIS software technology, three subsidence isolines and profiles of three different periods of ground surface monitoring points are generated, and the relationship between underground mining and surface subsidence change situation is analyzed. Aiming at the correlation and complexity of the influencing factors of the surface deformation, the correlation degree of the influencing factors to the surface subsidence is clarified by using the method of grey correlation analysis. Based on the combination of PCA and BP, the method of prediction is presented, which simplifies the complicated factors and retains most of the principal component information, and forecasts the rock movement angle of the ground movement and deformation. The results show that the stability and accuracy of BP neural network for the whole prediction of strata moving angle are improved, the prediction effect is higher than that of BP prediction, and the stability of the prediction result is more ideal. The surface movement range of the mining area is plotted. It provides decision support for engineering layout of mine surface. The 3D numerical simulation model of mining area under the background of gravity stress and horizontal tectonic stress is constructed, and the vertical displacement of the ground surface under two kinds of background is simulated and calculated. Based on the spatio-temporal sequence of the observational line of the deformation tendency of the surface and the sequence of the underground mining in the field of the underground mining, the law of strata movement and deformation induced by the underground mining is simulated and calculated. The evolution process of the corresponding span of the vertical deformation of the overlying strata on the roof is revealed. In view of the characteristics of tectonic stress in metal mines, considering the influence of self-gravity stress and tectonic stress superposition effect, the in-situ stress is introduced into the prediction model of surface movement and deformation. Based on the prediction of surface deformation in existing mining areas, the predicted results of surface monitoring points of each observation line are in good agreement with field monitoring and numerical simulation. The results show that, based on the research of ground deformation law and prediction based on GIS, combined with field measurement, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the mechanism of surface subsidence and the law of space-time evolution of mining area are revealed. It provides technical support for mine safety production and is of great significance to assist mine to achieve the goal of efficient production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD325

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王桂平;劉國(guó)彬;;考慮時(shí)空效應(yīng)的軟土深基坑變形有限元分析[J];土木工程學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期

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本文編號(hào)：2089628