本文選題：輝銅礦 + 黃銅礦�。� 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：次生硫化銅、黃鐵礦的高效分離是西藏玉龍銅礦面臨的難點(diǎn)之一。制定合適的工藝流程,開發(fā)高效環(huán)保的浮選藥劑實(shí)現(xiàn)銅硫礦物的高效分離,對提高銅資源的利用率具有重大意義。玉龍銅礦作為世界級特大型有色金屬伴生礦,目前的工藝流程存在銅硫分離困難,選別指標(biāo)差,藥劑成本高等諸多問題,制約著企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文以輝銅礦、黃銅礦和黃鐵礦作為研究對象,首先考察了三種單礦物的天然浮選性能以及捕收劑種類、Cu2+濃度對三種礦物浮選的影響;其次在Cu2+存在下,考察了抑制劑種類、濃度、pH對三種礦物浮選的影響,最終確定最佳的調(diào)整劑-捕收劑體系實(shí)現(xiàn)銅礦物與硫礦物的有效分離。在浮選試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,采用X射線衍射(XRD)、接觸角測定、紫外光譜研究和紅外光譜研究等方法,研究了三種單礦物浮選行為的機(jī)理。三種純礦物在中性環(huán)境下天然可浮性不同,輝銅礦的可浮性最好,黃銅礦次之,黃鐵礦最差。不同捕收劑種類對銅、硫礦物效果不一,其中BK404的效果最好。采用BK404作捕收劑時,兩種銅礦物在較寬的pH值區(qū)間內(nèi)的可浮性比較好,對黃鐵礦的選擇性較差,在堿性環(huán)境中的選擇性尤其差。當(dāng)加入Cu2+后,黃鐵礦的疏水能力明顯增強(qiáng),其浮選回收率與黃銅礦相當(dāng)。Cu2+存在下,腐殖酸鈉、XKY-03對黃鐵礦的抑制作用比較明顯,其中XKY-03對黃銅礦也有一定的抑制。當(dāng)腐殖酸鈉和XKY-03同時使用時,可以增強(qiáng)對黃鐵礦的抑制,同時減弱XKY-03對黃銅礦的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,腐殖酸鈉和XKY-03可以減弱Cu2+對黃鐵礦的活化作用,而不對銅礦物的回收造成負(fù)面影響。紫外光譜研究可知,BK404在兩種銅礦物表面的吸附量較大,而在黃鐵礦表面的吸附量較小,Cu2+可以促進(jìn)BK404在黃鐵礦表面的吸附,從而提高黃鐵礦的可浮性。當(dāng)加入腐殖酸鈉和XKY-03時,可以減弱Cu2+的影響,減少BK404在礦物表面的吸附。紅外光譜研究可知,BK404在黃鐵礦表面僅僅發(fā)生簡單的物理吸附,當(dāng)加入Cu2+后,BK404在黃鐵礦表面的吸附是物理和化學(xué)吸附共同作用的結(jié)果,在其表面生成CuS使其疏水。Cu2+存在下,加入腐殖酸鈉和XKY-03后,可以與礦漿中的Cu2+生成穩(wěn)定的螯合物,減弱Cu2+對銅硫分離的影響。根據(jù)理論分析結(jié)果,將新工藝和新藥劑應(yīng)用于西藏玉龍銅礦,并且取得了較好的指標(biāo)。工業(yè)調(diào)試期間,在原礦含銅2.31%的前提下,最終獲得銅品位18.32%,回收率為71.02%的銅精礦。與工業(yè)試驗(yàn)之前的工藝和藥劑相比,精礦品位較之前提高了1.20個百分點(diǎn),回收率提高了5.30百分點(diǎn),選別指標(biāo)明顯,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:The high efficiency separation of secondary copper sulfide and pyrite is one of the difficulties of Yulong Copper Mine in Tibet. It is of great significance to develop a suitable technological process and develop an efficient flotation reagent to realize the efficient separation of copper and sulfur minerals in order to improve the utilization rate of copper resources. Yulong Copper Mine as a world-class super large non-ferrous metal associated ore, the current technological process is difficult to separate copper and sulfur, poor separation index, high pharmaceutical cost and many other problems, which restricts the economic benefits of enterprises. In this paper, chalcopyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrite are taken as the research objects. Firstly, the natural flotation properties of three single minerals and the effect of collector type Cu2 concentration on the flotation of three minerals are investigated, and then the depressants are investigated in the presence of Cu2. The effect of concentration and pH on the flotation of three kinds of minerals was determined. Finally, the optimal system of adjust-collector was determined to realize the effective separation of copper ore and sulfur minerals. On the basis of flotation experiments, the mechanism of flotation behavior of three single minerals was studied by means of X-ray diffraction, contact angle measurement, ultraviolet spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The natural floatability of the three pure minerals is different in neutral environment. The floatability of chalcopyrite is the best, chalcopyrite is the second, and pyrite is the worst. Different kinds of collector have different effects on copper and sulfur minerals, and BK404 has the best effect. When BK404 is used as collector, the floatability of the two copper minerals in a wide pH range is better, and the selectivity to pyrite is poor, especially in alkaline environment. With the addition of Cu2, the hydrophobic ability of pyrite is obviously enhanced, and the flotation recovery of pyrite is similar to that of chalcopyrite. In the presence of. Cu2, the inhibition of pyrite by XKY-03 is obvious, and that of chalcopyrite is also inhibited by XKY-03. When sodium humate and XKY-03 were used at the same time, the inhibition of pyrite was enhanced and the effect of XKY-03 on chalcopyrite was weakened. The experimental results show that sodium humate and XKY-03 can weaken the activation of pyrite by Cu2 without negatively affecting the recovery of copper ore. UV spectra show that the adsorption capacity of BK404 on the surface of two kinds of copper minerals is larger, while the adsorption amount of Cu2 on the surface of pyrite can promote the adsorption of BK404 on the surface of pyrite, thus improving the floatability of pyrite. When sodium humate and XKY-03 were added, the effect of Cu2 was weakened and the adsorption of BK404 on mineral surface was reduced. Infrared spectra show that only simple physical adsorption of BK404 occurs on the surface of pyrite. The adsorption of BK404 on the surface of pyrite after adding Cu2 is the result of the interaction of physical and chemical adsorption. In the presence of the formation of CuS on the surface of the pyrite, the adsorption of BK404 on the surface of pyrite makes it hydrophobic. After adding sodium humate and XKY-03, stable chelates can be formed with Cu2 in slurry, which weakens the effect of Cu2 on the separation of copper and sulfur. According to the results of theoretical analysis, the new technology and new medicament were applied to Yulong Copper Mine, Tibet, and good indexes were obtained. The copper concentrate with a copper grade of 18.32 and a recovery of 71.02% was obtained under the premise of 2.31% copper content in the raw ore during industrial commissioning. Compared with the process and medicament before the industrial test, the concentrate grade is increased by 1.20%, the recovery rate is increased by 5.30%, the separation index is obvious, and good results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD923;TD952

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