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  本文選題：截齒工作角度　切入點(diǎn)：空間力學(xué)模型　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：掘進(jìn)機(jī)作為煤礦井下巷道掘進(jìn)的關(guān)鍵裝備,其截割頭性能的好壞直接決定了掘進(jìn)機(jī)性能的優(yōu)劣,為安全高效地開采煤炭資源,應(yīng)當(dāng)對掘進(jìn)機(jī)截割頭的截齒破巖進(jìn)行研究和改進(jìn),使其鉆進(jìn)性能和截割性能提高�；诖�,本文對截齒工作角度和高壓水射流輔助破巖進(jìn)行了研究,并根據(jù)研究結(jié)果,研發(fā)了截齒工作角度優(yōu)化的高壓水射流輔助破巖截割頭,利用煤巖截割試驗(yàn)臺對其進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。以巖石的結(jié)構(gòu)特性和物理機(jī)械性質(zhì)為基礎(chǔ),對截齒截割破巖機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析�；趯�(shí)際制造中定位截齒軸線和齒座底面的角度安裝工藝,建立了鉆進(jìn)工況條件下截割頭截齒的空間力學(xué)模型,基于此,分析了截齒工作角度對截齒受力的影響,建立了截割頭鉆進(jìn)工況條件下所受載荷模型。以單齒直線破巖數(shù)值試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),驗(yàn)證ANSYS/LS-DYNA數(shù)值模擬截齒破巖的準(zhǔn)確性。通過已驗(yàn)證的數(shù)值模擬方法研究單齒鉆進(jìn)破巖過程,根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果修正截齒空間力學(xué)模型,通過對不同仰角、傾斜角條件下單齒鉆進(jìn)工況研究得到:截齒所受截割阻力和斜率隨著仰角、傾斜角的增大而增大;截齒所受進(jìn)給阻力和斜率隨著仰角的增大而增大,隨著傾斜角的增大而減小;仰角的合理選取范圍應(yīng)大于齒尖錐角的0.5倍小于50°,傾斜角的合理選取范圍是20°~50°。以高壓水射流沖擊破巖機(jī)理為基礎(chǔ),建立了水射流破巖的流固耦合作用方程。通過對水射流噴嘴的流場特性仿真分析指出:水射流由核心段、破裂段和水滴段組成,水射流軸線上的速度逐漸衰減;對水射流的兩相混合分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析,在噴嘴內(nèi)部,流體的介質(zhì)為水,在噴嘴外部,流體的介質(zhì)為兩相混合,距噴嘴軸線越近,水射流的主要介質(zhì)水的體積含量越高。對水射流沖擊作用下巖石變形和水射流輔助截齒破巖進(jìn)行了仿真分析,得到水射流作用的應(yīng)力波具有明顯的局部效應(yīng),截齒在水射流應(yīng)力波作用范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行破巖,當(dāng)水射流輔助截齒破巖時,水射流提前于截齒破壞巖石單元,并改變巖石單元所受應(yīng)力。相比較于無水射流輔助截齒破巖,當(dāng)水射流壓力為20MPa時,截齒最大值受力減小率為15.77%,均值減小率為27.34%,說明水射流輔助截齒破巖具有較好的效果�；诮佚X工作角度對單齒鉆進(jìn)工況條件下載荷研究和高壓水射流輔助截齒破巖仿真研究,根據(jù)當(dāng)前截割頭截齒的布置參數(shù),優(yōu)化截割頭截齒角度并設(shè)置高壓水射流噴嘴,從而研發(fā)了截齒工作角度優(yōu)化的高壓水射流輔助破巖截割頭。通過對優(yōu)化前后截割頭鉆進(jìn)破巖試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的對比分析,得到截割頭截齒工作角度優(yōu)化有效地降低截割頭載荷;鉆進(jìn)工況條件下截割頭的扭矩以及進(jìn)給阻力都與水射流壓力、轉(zhuǎn)速、進(jìn)給速度呈指數(shù)關(guān)系,隨著水射流壓力的增大而減小,隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的增大而減小,隨著進(jìn)給速度增大而增大。
[Abstract]:As the key equipment of roadway driving in underground coal mine, the performance of cutting head directly determines the performance of roadheader. In order to exploit coal resource safely and efficiently, it is necessary to study and improve the broken rock of cutting head of roadheader.The drilling performance and cutting performance are improved.Based on this, the working angle of tooth cutting and high pressure water jet assisted rock breakage are studied, and based on the research results, a high pressure water jet assisted rock breaking head with optimized tooth cutting angle is developed.The coal and rock cutting test bench is used to test and study it.Based on the structural and physical mechanical properties of rock, the mechanism of cutting rock is analyzed.Based on the angle installation technology of the position gear axis and the bottom surface of the base in the actual manufacture, the spatial mechanical model of the cutting head is established under the condition of drilling. Based on this, the influence of the working angle of the cutter on the force of the cutter is analyzed.The load model of cutting head drilling is established.On the basis of single tooth linear rock breaking numerical test, the accuracy of ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation is verified.The rock breaking process of single tooth drilling is studied by using the verified numerical simulation method. According to the simulation results, the spatial mechanical model of truncated teeth is modified, and different elevation angles are obtained.The research on the working conditions of slotting angle shows that the cutting resistance and slope increase with the elevation angle, the feed resistance and slope increase with the elevation angle, and decrease with the increase of the inclination angle.The reasonable range of elevation angle should be less than 50 擄and the reasonable range of elevation angle should be less than 50 擄than that of cusp angle, and the reasonable range of inclination angle should be 20 擄~ 50 擄.Based on the rock breaking mechanism of high pressure water jet, the fluid-solid coupling equation of water jet rock breaking is established.Through the simulation analysis of the flow field characteristics of the water jet nozzle, it is pointed out that the water jet is composed of the core section, the rupture section and the water droplet section, and the velocity on the axis of the water jet decreases gradually, and the distribution law of the two phase mixing of the water jet is analyzed.The medium of the fluid is water, and outside the nozzle, the medium of the fluid is a two-phase mixing, the closer it is to the axis of the nozzle, the higher the volume content of the water in the main medium of the water jet is.In this paper, the rock deformation and the water-jet assisted cutting rock are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the stress wave of water jet has obvious local effect, and the cutting tooth breaks rock in the range of water jet stress wave.When the water jet assists to break the rock, the water jet destroys the rock unit ahead of the tooth cutting, and changes the stress of the rock unit.Compared with the water-jet assisted cutting rock, when the water jet pressure is 20MPa, the maximum force reduction rate is 15.77 and the mean value reduction rate is 27.34, which shows that the water-jet assisted cutting rock has a better effect.Based on the working angle of the cutter, the load research under the condition of single tooth drilling and the simulation study of the rock cutting with the aid of high pressure water jet are carried out. According to the layout parameters of the cutting head, the angle of the cutting head is optimized and the high pressure water jet nozzle is set up.A high pressure water jet assisted cutting head with optimized working angle was developed.By comparing and analyzing the test results of cutting head drilling before and after optimization, it is obtained that the optimization of cutting head tooth cutting angle can effectively reduce the load of cutting head, and the torque and feed resistance of cutting head under drilling condition are all with water jet pressure.The speed of feed is exponentially related, which decreases with the increase of the pressure of water jet, decreases with the increase of speed, and increases with the increase of feed speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD421.5

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本文編號：1723482