本文關鍵詞： 采煤沉陷區(qū) POPs 分布特征 相關性 遷移轉化　出處：《安徽理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：持久性有機污染物(POPs)是具有長期殘留性、生物蓄積性、半揮發(fā)性和高毒性,對人類健康和環(huán)境具有嚴重危害的人工合成的有機污染物質。POPs污染是近年越來越突出的環(huán)境問題,在全球的每一個角落,包括大陸、沙漠、海洋和南北極地區(qū)都可監(jiān)測出POPs的存在。 本文以淮南潘一礦楊莊采煤沉陷區(qū)作為研究對象,通過對沉陷水域中水體、懸浮物、底泥中典型POPs進行定性和定量的分析研究,從而了解整個沉陷區(qū)POPs的分布特征；探討了水體、懸浮物、底泥的理化性質與各自POPs的相關性；研究POPs在水相-懸浮相界面、底泥相-懸浮相界面之間的遷移行為研究,預測POPs在沉陷區(qū)總體的遷移轉化趨勢。結果表明： (1)研究區(qū)域水體中多氯聯(lián)苯的濃度在16-32.01ng/L范圍內,平均值為20.9513ng/L。其中,三氯聯(lián)苯占總量最多,平均為48.28%。多環(huán)芳烴的濃度在163.7-209.65ng/L范圍內,平均值為185.8473ng/L。其中3環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴(PAHs)所占比例最大,占總量34.47%。蒽/(蒽+菲)的比值大于0.1,熒蒽/(熒蒽+芘)的比值大于0.5。 (2)研究區(qū)域懸浮物中多氯聯(lián)苯(PCBs)的濃度在10.135-19.7925ng/L范圍內,平均值為15.7585ng/L。其中,三氯聯(lián)苯占總量最多,平均為75.24%。多環(huán)芳烴的濃度在1117.93-2729.215ng/L范圍內,平均值為1863.838ng/L。其中3環(huán)PAHs所占比例最大,占總量58.04%。 (3)研究區(qū)域表層底泥的多氯聯(lián)苯的濃度在2.1893-4.3597ng/L范圍內,平均值為3.551ng/L。其中,三氯聯(lián)苯占總量最多,平均為64.35%。多環(huán)芳烴的濃度在68.014-391.656ng/L范圍內,平均值為243.1101ng/L。其中3環(huán)PAHs所占比例最大,占總量41.93%。蒽/(蒽+菲)的比值大于0.1,熒蒽/(熒蒽+芘)的比值大于0.5。 (4)采煤沉陷水域水體中PCBs的濃度與該水體中的可溶性有機碳(DOC)存在較強的正相關性,水體中可溶性有機碳含量對水體中有機污染物在水相中的分配有很大的影響。PAHs的濃度與該水體中的DOC存在較強的正相關性,說明水體中DOC含量對水體中PAHs的濃度具有一定的作用。 (5)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs的濃度與該底泥有機質存在較強的正相關性,且PCBs濃度與底泥有機質成正比關系,底泥有機質含量越高其PCBs含量越高。PAHs的濃度與該底泥有機質存在較強的正相關性,說明底泥有機質的含量對底泥中PAHs的濃度具有一定的影響作用。 (6)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs與底泥粒度存在較強負相關性,PAHs濃度也與底泥粒度成存在較強負相關性。說明底泥中POPs含量與底泥粒度成反比關系,底泥粒度大小對底泥中POPs含量影響較大。 (7)采煤沉陷水域上層水體中PCBs的濃度與該上層水體對應懸浮物中的PCBs的濃度存在弱相關性,中層水體中PCBs的濃度與該中層水體對應懸浮物中的PCBs的濃度成存在中等的負相關性,底層水體中PCBs的濃度與該底層水體對應懸浮物中的PCBs的濃度存在中等的負相關性。上層水體中PAHs的濃度與該上層水體對應懸浮物中的PAHs的濃度存在中等的負相關性,中層水體中PAHs的濃度與該中層水體對應懸浮物中的PAHs的濃度存在弱相關性,底層水體中PAHs的濃度與該底層水體對應懸浮物中的PAHs的濃度存在中等的負相關性。 (8)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs的濃度與該底泥對應底層水體中的PCBs的濃度存在中等的負相關性,底泥中PCBs的濃度與該底泥對應底層水體懸浮物中的PCBs的濃度存在中等的正相關性。 (9)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PAHs的濃度與該底泥對應底層水體中的PAHs的濃度存在弱負相關性,底泥中PAHs的濃度與該底泥對應底層水體懸浮物中的PAHs的濃度存在中等的負相關性。
[Abstract]:Persistent organic pollutants ( POPs ) are artificially synthesized organic pollutants that have long - term residual , biological , semi - volatile and high - toxicity , and have serious harm to human health and the environment . POPs pollution is an increasingly prominent environmental problem in recent years , and POPs can be monitored in every corner of the globe , including continents , deserts , oceans and the South Pole . Taking Yangzhuang coal mining subsidence area as the research object , this paper studies the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the typical POPs in the water , suspended matter and sediment in the subsidence area , so as to find out the distribution characteristics of the POPs in the whole subsidence area , and discusses the correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the water , suspended matter and sediment and their respective POPs ; ( 1 ) The concentration of PCBs in the study area ranged from 16 to 32.01ng / L , the average value was 20.9513ng / L . Among them , the average total amount of trichlorobiphenyl was 48.28 % . The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was 185.8473ng / L in the range of 163.7 - 9.65ng / L . The ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) was greater than 0.1 , and the ratio of fluoranthene / ( fluoranthene + pyrene ) was greater than 0.5 . ( 2 ) The concentration of PCBs in the study area was 10.135 - 19.7925ng / L , and the average value was 15.7585ng / L . Among them , the total amount of trichlorobiphenyl was 75.24 % . The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was in the range of 1111.93 - 2729.215ng / L and the average value was 348.38ng / L . Among them , the proportion of PAHs was the largest , accounting for 58.04 % . ( 3 ) The concentration of PCBs in the surface sediments of the study area is in the range of 2.93 % to 4.3597ng / L , and the average value is 3.551ng / L . The average value is 64.35 % in the range of 68.014 - 391.656ng / L , and the average value is 243.1101ng / L . Among them , the ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is greater than 0.1 , and the ratio of fluoranthene / ( fluoranthene + pyrene ) is greater than 0.5 . ( 4 ) There is a positive correlation between the concentration of PCBs in the water body and the soluble organic carbon ( DOC ) in the water body . The content of soluble organic carbon in the water has a great effect on the distribution of organic pollutants in the water phase . The concentration of PAHs in the water body has a strong positive correlation with DOC in the water body , which indicates that the DOC content in the water body has a certain effect on the concentration of PAHs in the water body . ( 5 ) The concentration of PCBs in the sediment of coal mining subsidence area is positively correlated with the organic matter in the bottom mud , and the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud , the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud , the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud . The higher the concentration of PAHs and the organic matter in the bottom mud , the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud has a certain effect on the concentration of PAHs in the sediment . ( 6 ) There is a strong negative correlation between the concentration of PCBs and the particle size of sediment in the sediment of coal mining subsidence waters , and the concentration of PAHs also has a strong negative correlation with the granularity of sediment . ( 7 ) the concentration of the PCBs in the upper water body of the coal mining subsidence water body is weak correlation with the concentration of the PCBs in the suspended substance in the upper layer water body , the concentration of the PCBs in the middle layer water body and the concentration of PCBs in the suspended substance in the middle layer water body are moderately negative correlation , the concentration of the PAHs in the lower layer water body is weak correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the suspended substance in the upper layer water body , and the concentration of the PAHs in the lower layer water body is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the suspended matter corresponding to the bottom water body . and ( 8 ) the concentration of PCBs in the bottom mud of the coal mining subsidence water body is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of PCBs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud , and the concentration of the PCBs in the bottom mud is moderately positive correlation with the concentration of PCBs in the suspended matter of the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud . and ( 9 ) the concentration of PAHs in the bottom mud of the coal mining subsidence water body is negatively correlated with the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud , and the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud .

【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52;X752

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