稻米是全球大部分人的主糧之一。為滿足全球范圍內(nèi)不斷增長的人口的糧食需求,提升育種技術(shù)以提高稻米產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量顯得極為迫切。半矮稈基因的研究對水稻株型改良和植物生長發(fā)育的分子生物學(xué)機理有重要意義,半矮桿突變體不但在闡明植物生長和發(fā)育的調(diào)控機制中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,而且因矮稈性狀可影響抗倒伏和產(chǎn)量,也是作物改良中最重要的農(nóng)藝性狀。因此,通過選擇產(chǎn)量高和優(yōu)良株型是水稻育種過程中的關(guān)鍵因素。單一的半矮桿資源的廣泛利用可能會導(dǎo)致水稻品種遺傳背景單一化,所以鑒定有利用價值的半矮桿基因是水稻育種焦點。為在水稻育種中,利用新的半矮桿基因資源,并進一步豐富水稻株高的遺傳和分子機制研究,從甲磺酸乙酯（EMS）誘變的秈稻品種中恢8015（ZH8015,WT）中鑒定出一個新的半矮桿突變體RE9586,成熟期其株高顯著低于WT。掃描電鏡觀察結(jié)果表明,突變體RE9586最頂端節(jié)間細胞的縱向長度明顯減少,這很有可能是引起其半矮化表型的主要原因。突變體RE9586重要農(nóng)藝性狀如穗長、有效分蘗數(shù)、單株產(chǎn)量及結(jié)實率顯著低于WT�？ǚ綑z驗表明其符合孟德爾3:1分離比,說明該突變體遺傳位點受單隱性核基因控制。通過MutMap方法... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：82 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
    1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
        1.2.1 Molecular basis of rice plant height
        1.2.2 Mut Map as a rapid gene identification method
        1.2.3 CRISPR/Cas9,a rapid genome editing,and functional analysis tool
CHAPTER2 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SEMI-DWARF RE9586 MUTANT IN RICE
    2.1 INTRODUCTION
    2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        2.2.1 Plant materials
        2.2.2 Phenotypic evaluation and statistical analysis
        2.2.3 Cytological characteristics of stem development
        2.2.4 Hormone treatments for GA induction of shoot elongation
        2.2.5 Results
CHAPTER3 MUTMAP BASED CANDIDATE GENE IDENTIFICATION
    3.1 INTRODUCTION
    3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
        3.2.1 Plant materials
        3.2.2 Generation of NGS data for Mut Map analysis
        3.2.3 Linkage analysis of candidate SNP
        3.2.4 Phylogenetic analysis
        3.2.5 RNA isolation and q RT-PCR
        3.2.6 Vector construction and transformation
    3.3 RESULTS
        3.3.1 Mut Map based candidate gene identification
        3.3.2 Linkage analysis
        3.3.3 Phylogenetic tree analysis
        3.3.4 The expression of Os FBK4 and GA- related genes
        3.3.5 Subcellular localization of Os FBK
        3.3.6 CRISPR/Cas9 for knockout of Os FBK4 gene
        3.3.7 Overexpression study for Os FBK4 gene
        3.3.8 Discussion
        3.3.9 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 MAJOR FINDING AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
    4.1 MAJOR FINDING
    4.2 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHOR’S RESUME



本文編號：3627890