【摘要】：本文以多穗型品種‘豫麥49-198’(YM49-198)和大穗型品種‘周麥16’(ZM16)為試驗(yàn)材料,采用裂區(qū)試驗(yàn),研究了在施氮量為0、180、360 kg·hm~(-2)和播種量為75、150、225、300 kg·hm~(-2)條件下對(duì)冬小麥干物質(zhì)累積、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、分配及產(chǎn)量的影響。結(jié)果表明:施氮量和播種量對(duì)小麥干物質(zhì)累積量影響顯著,增加施氮量或播種量均有利于小麥干物質(zhì)累積量的升高,播種量對(duì)干物質(zhì)累積的影響大于施氮量,多穗型品種YM49-198各生育時(shí)期干物質(zhì)累積量均高于大穗型品種ZM16。在最低播種量75 kg·hm~(-2)下,花前干物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)量、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)率及對(duì)籽粒的貢獻(xiàn)率顯著高于其他播種量處理;在播種量為150、225和300 kg·hm~(-2)的小麥花后光合同化量、對(duì)籽粒的貢獻(xiàn)率均高于花前干物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)量和貢獻(xiàn)率,且均隨播種量的增加而降低。施氮量和播種量對(duì)產(chǎn)量及構(gòu)成要素的影響均達(dá)顯著水平。綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,為達(dá)到9 000 kg·hm~(-2)產(chǎn)量水平,YM49-498和ZM16的優(yōu)化施氮量為180~220 kg·hm~(-2),播種量分別為150~192和213~225 kg·hm~(-2)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of nitrogen application rate of 0180360 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) and sowing rate of 75150225300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) on dry matter accumulation, transport, distribution and yield of winter wheat were studied by using multi-panicle variety 'Yumai 49 / 198' (YM49-198) and large panicle variety 'Zhoumai 16' (ZM16) as experimental materials. The results showed that nitrogen application rate and sowing rate had significant effects on dry matter accumulation of wheat. Increasing nitrogen application rate or sowing rate was beneficial to the increase of dry matter accumulation of wheat, and the effect of sowing rate on dry matter accumulation was greater than that of nitrogen application. The dry matter accumulation of multi-panicle variety YM49-198 was higher than that of large panicle variety ZM16. during the growth period. Under the lowest sowing rate of 75 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the dry matter transport before anthesis, the transport rate and the contribution rate to grain were significantly higher than those of other sowing treatments, and the contribution rate of post-anthesis light contracted to wheat with sowing rate of 150225 and 300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) was higher than that before anthesis, and decreased with the increase of sowing rate. The effects of nitrogen application rate and sowing rate on yield and components were significant. Considering the economic benefits, in order to reach the yield level of 9 000 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the optimal nitrogen application rates of YM49-498 and ZM16 were 180 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2515772