陸地棉李氏纖維突變體的植物形態(tài)學(xué)觀察及基因定位
[Abstract]:Cotton is an important economic crop, and its fiber is the main raw material of the textile industry. The length, toughness and fineness of the fiber determine the quality of the fiber, and how to obtain high-yield and high-quality fiber is the premise to improve the economic benefit of cotton. Ligon-lintzessl, Li1, a mutant with very short fibers, was only 5-6 mm in the fiber, and the growth was slow, the plant was small and the stem and leaf were twisted, and the genetic analysis showed that the mutant was controlled by the dominant single-gene Li1. As an ideal material for studying the development of fiber, Li1 plays an important role in cloning cotton fiber-related genes and elucidating the molecular mechanism of fiber development. In order to have a more profound understanding of the morphological differences of the Li1 plants and to position the Li1 gene, the F2 population is configured by using the sea-island cotton H7124 and Li1 as the parent, and the genetic positioning of the Li1 gene is carried out by using the SSR and the SSCP molecular marker technology; In addition, by observing the morphology of the wild type and the mutant cell and the plant of Li1, the differential analysis of the system was carried out. The main results are as follows:1. 73 pairs of SSR and SSCP primers were designed according to the genome sequence of the Gossypium hirsutum L. and the results of the previous studies. The polymorphic screening of the parents showed that 28 pairs of primers were polymorphic, and 21 pairs of primers were stable and clear, and used to construct the genetic map. The genetic classification of 620 F2 single plants was carried out by using these polymorphic primers, and a genetic map with a span of 10.5 cM and an average spacing of 0.81 cM was constructed. The constructed genetic map consists of 13 marker sites, and the markers co-separated with Li1 are six: P98, P216, P219, P221, P222, and P234, the physical distance between these markers is different for different physical maps. There was a significant difference in the hairy density of the stem: in the high aspect of the plant, the wild-type average was 97.84 cm, the hybrid mutant was 60.88 cm, the homozygous mutant was only 27.82 cm, and in the seed-bearing aspect, the wild-type average per cotton boll could have 25 full seeds, and the hybrid mutant was 19, The homozygous mutant was only 12; in the aspect of the stalk, the wild-type was relatively dense and long, and the hybrid mutant was short and thin, while the homozygous mutant was short and thin.3. The observation of the optical microscope and electron-transmission microscope of the Li1 wild-type and mutant stem and leaf showed that: Some of the cell death in the vascular bundle in the stem of the mutant resulted in loose cells and even large cavities. Some of the leaf-meat cells in the leaves were separated from the mass wall, and compared with the wild-type, the organelles such as the chloroplast were poor in mass and less in number. And the wild-type cells are closely arranged, the structure is normal, and the organelles are in good quality. There was no significant difference in the morphology of the pollen tube and the pollen tube between the wild-type and the mutant under the microscope. There was a difference between the wild-type and the mutant in the pollen activity and the germination rate: the wild-type pollen activity was 89%, the hybrid mutation was 73%, the homozygous mutation was 62%, the germination rate of the wild-type pollen tube was 84%, the hybrid mutation was 79%, and the homozygous mutation was 69%. The protoplast of the high-energy cotton leaves was obtained by the enzymatic method, and the protoplast microfilament framework was marked with the F-Actin-specific fluorescent dye Alexa Fluor 488-phaloidein, and the morphology and arrangement pattern of the microfilaments can be clearly observed under the laser confocal microscope. The filament-like micro-filaments are distributed in a grid-like shape under the plasma membrane, and the chloroplast is rich and is wrapped by the micro-filament. Compared with the microfilament framework between the wild type and the mutant, the wild type microfilaments are found to be more and more arranged, and the number of microfilaments of the mutant is less, the length is short, and the arrangement is loose.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:S562
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