【摘要】：玉米是我國重要的糧食作物,在國民的生產生活中具有重要地位。雄性不育作為雜種優(yōu)勢利用的重要途徑,對玉米生產意義重大。本研究通過對細胞質雄性不育系C543進行表型分析、遺傳分析和恢復基因定位分析,主要得到了如下結果：1、對C543的表型分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：營養(yǎng)生長階段,突變體-不育系和野生型-恢復系的表型無差異；開花散粉期時,突變體的雄穗小穗穎殼不能正常開裂,花藥不外露,無法正常開花散粉；突變體花藥瘦小呈淡黃色,花藥碘染鏡檢發(fā)現(xiàn)突變體花藥內無花粉粒存在。但突變體雌穗育性不受影響,能正常受精結實；2、將不育系C543與恢復系614、B137組配群體,對F1和F2群體的觀察分析發(fā)現(xiàn),所有F1植株育性正常,而F2群體中不育株：可育株的比例符合1：3的理論分離比,說明不育系核內有一對隱性核基因,恢復系的核中有一對恢復基因;3、利用圖位克隆進行定位研究：在271對全基因組插入缺失(Indel)引物中,獲得在突變體和B137間的多態(tài)性引物52對；利用B137-F2群體中69株不育單株進行定位研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)玉米基因組8號染色體短臂上的umc1483出現(xiàn)偏分離；利用B137-F2群體中所有不育單株對恢復基因進一步定位,最終將該基因定位在8號染色體SSR標記LAZ3和LAZ23之間,物理距離約為1.45MB。
[Abstract]:Corn is an important food crop in China, and plays an important role in the production and life of the people. As an important way to utilize heterosis, male sterility is of great significance to maize production. Through phenotypic analysis, genetic analysis and gene location analysis of cytoplasmic male sterile line C543, the following results were obtained: 1. The phenotypic analysis of C543 showed that the vegetative growth stage, There was no difference in phenotypes between mutants and male sterile lines and wild type restorer lines. At flowering stage, the spikelet of male spikelet of the mutant could not dehiscence normally, the anthers were not exposed, and the anthers were thin and yellowish, and there were no pollen grains in the anthers by iodide staining. However, the female panicle fertility of the mutant was not affected and could fertilize and bear fruit normally. 2. The sterile line C543 was combined with restorer line 614C137. the observation and analysis of F1 and F2 populations showed that the fertility of all F1 plants was normal, while the ratio of sterile plants to fertile plants in F2 population was in accordance with the theoretical segregation ratio of 1:3. The results showed that there were a pair of recessive nuclear genes in the nucleus of the sterile line and a pair of restoring genes in the nucleus of the restorer line. 3. Map cloning was used to localize: among 271 pairs of genomic deletion (Indel) primers, 52 pairs of polymorphic primers were obtained between the mutant and B137; Using 69 inbred individual plants in B137-F2 population, the partial segregation of umc1483 on the short arm of chromosome 8 of maize genome was found. The restorer gene was further mapped by all sterile individual plants in B137-F2 population, and the gene was finally located between LAZ3 and LAZ23 labeled with SSR on chromosome 8, with a physical distance of about 1.45 MB.
【學位授予單位】：湖南農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S513

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