膜下滴灌水稻耐缺鐵基因型差異
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 20:40
【摘要】：【目的】膜下滴灌技術(shù)具有明顯的節(jié)水和增產(chǎn)效益。但是膜下滴灌水稻在幼苗期容易出現(xiàn)葉片缺鐵黃化現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至出現(xiàn)幼苗死亡現(xiàn)象,缺鐵黃化現(xiàn)象限制了水稻膜下滴灌技術(shù)推廣應(yīng)用。本試驗(yàn)針對(duì)膜下滴灌水稻幼苗期缺鐵失綠的問(wèn)題,研究膜下滴灌水稻鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)效率基因型差異,不同耐缺鐵型水稻品種鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)的生理特征以及干旱脅迫對(duì)其的影響,為膜下滴灌耐缺鐵水稻品種的篩選和培育提供理論依據(jù)�！痉椒ā吭囼�(yàn)于2015年-2016年在新疆天業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)研究所(田間小區(qū)試驗(yàn))、石河子大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院試驗(yàn)站(盆栽試驗(yàn))和綠洲生態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(水培試驗(yàn))進(jìn)行。田間小區(qū)試驗(yàn)一(2015年):選用6個(gè)水稻品種(材料)進(jìn)行單因素試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),旨在篩選不同耐缺鐵性水稻品種。盆栽試驗(yàn)二(2016年):試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)了水稻品種(T-43,T-69和T-04)和鐵肥處理(未施鐵肥處理和施鐵肥處理,分別縮寫(xiě)為-Fe,+Fe)雙因素試驗(yàn),旨在探明不同耐缺鐵性水稻品種生理特征。水培試驗(yàn)三(2016年):試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)了水稻品種(T-43和T-04)和干旱脅迫(利用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模擬干旱脅迫,處理如下?tīng)I(yíng)養(yǎng)液中PEG質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)分別為0%,5%和10%,分別縮寫(xiě)為CK,5%PEG,10%PEG)的雙因素試驗(yàn),旨在探明干旱脅迫對(duì)不同耐缺鐵性水稻品種鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)的影響【結(jié)果】1)缺鐵脅迫下水稻的生長(zhǎng)和產(chǎn)量存在基因型差異。苗期T-201和T-43水稻地上部干物質(zhì)顯著高于其他品種,但是T-201的分蘗數(shù)顯著低于其他品種,T-04分蘗死亡數(shù)量較其他水稻品種多,T-43幼苗期和分蘗期地上部干物質(zhì)量處于中等水平,產(chǎn)量高。2)缺鐵脅迫下膜下滴灌水稻鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)效率存在基因型差異。幼苗期和分蘗期T-201和T-43根系鐵吸收能力較其他水稻品種高。幼苗期T-69鐵轉(zhuǎn)移能力較其他品種高,T-X鐵主要累積于根系,T-04和T-43鐵轉(zhuǎn)移能力無(wú)顯著差異,分蘗期T-04鐵主要累積于莖稈和根系,T-43葉片中鐵的累積量顯著高于其他品種基因型。T-43和T-X幼苗期葉片活性鐵含量和鐵生理利用效率較高。3)未施鐵處理T-69和T-43根系鐵還原酶活性顯著高于缺鐵敏感性水稻基因型T-04,未施鐵處理缺鐵敏感性水稻品種T-04鐵轉(zhuǎn)移和吸收能力顯著下降。4)干旱脅迫處理耐缺鐵性水稻T-43地上部鐵含量顯著高于T-04。干旱脅迫造成T-43和T-04根系H+-ATP活性降低,而T-43根系H+-ATP活性顯著高于T-04。干旱脅迫處理T-43根系質(zhì)外體鐵含量均顯著高于CK處理,缺鐵敏感性水稻T-04根系質(zhì)外體鐵含量則降低�！窘Y(jié)論】1)鐵脅迫下水稻的生長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)量和鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)效率存在基因型差異,其中T-43和T-69為耐缺鐵水稻品種,T-04為鐵敏感水稻品種。2)缺鐵脅迫下耐缺鐵性水稻T-43能夠通過(guò)增加根系鐵還原酶活性、H+-ATPase活性,提高根系鐵吸收和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)能力,增強(qiáng)其缺鐵耐受性。3)耐缺鐵性水稻品種受干旱脅迫影響較鐵敏感性水稻品種輕。
[Abstract]:[objective] the technology of drip irrigation under film has obvious benefit of saving water and increasing yield. However, under film drip irrigation rice is prone to the phenomenon of iron deficiency in leaves at seedling stage, and even seedling death in serious cases, which limits the popularization and application of drip irrigation technology under film. In order to solve the problem of iron deficiency in rice seedlings under film drip irrigation, the differences of iron nutrient efficiency genotypes, the physiological characteristics of iron nutrition and the effects of drought stress on iron nutrition of rice varieties with different iron tolerance were studied in this experiment. [methods] the experiment was conducted in Xinjiang Tianye Agricultural Research Institute from 2015 to 2016. The experiment station of agricultural college of Shihezi University (pot experiment) and the ecological laboratory of oasis (hydroponic test) were carried out. Field plot trial 1 (2015): six rice varieties (materials) were selected for single factor design to screen rice varieties with different iron tolerance. Pot experiment 2 (2016): the rice varieties (T-43CT-69 and T-04) and iron fertilizer treatment (non-iron fertilizer treatment and iron fertilizer treatment) were designed, which were abbreviated as-Fe, Fe) double factor test, respectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of rice varieties with different iron tolerance. Water culture experiment 3 (2016): the rice varieties (T-43 and T-04) and drought stress (using polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) were designed to simulate drought stress. The PEG mass fraction in the following nutrient solution was 0% and 10%, respectively. The effect of drought stress on iron nutrition of different iron deficiency rice varieties [results] 1) there were genotypic differences in growth and yield of rice under iron deficiency stress. At seedling stage, T-201 and T-43 had significantly higher aboveground dry matter than other varieties, but the tiller number of T-201 was significantly lower than that of other varieties, and the number of tiller death of T-04 was higher than that of other rice varieties. At the seedling stage and tillering stage, the dry matter quality of the aboveground part was medium and the yield was high. 2) there were genotypic differences in iron nutrient efficiency of drip irrigation rice under Fe deficiency. The iron absorption capacity of T-201 and T-43 roots at seedling stage and tillering stage was higher than that of other rice varieties. T-69 iron transfer ability in seedling stage was higher than that of other varieties, T-X iron mainly accumulated in root system, T-04 and T-43 iron transfer ability had no significant difference, T-04 iron mainly accumulated in stem and root system at tillering stage. The accumulation of iron in leaves of T-43 was significantly higher than that of other genotypes. The active iron content and physiological utilization efficiency of leaves in T-43 and T-X seedlings were higher. 3) the reduction of iron in roots of T-69 and T-43 without iron treatment was higher than that of other genotypes. The enzyme activity was significantly higher than that of iron deficiency sensitive rice genotype T-04. The iron transfer and absorption capacity of the rice variety T-04 was significantly decreased under drought stress. 4) the content of iron in the aboveground part of the iron-deficient rice T-43 was significantly higher than that of T-04 under drought stress. The H ATP activity of T-43 and T-04 roots decreased, while the H ATP activity of T-43 root system was significantly higher than that of T-04 root system under drought stress. Under drought stress, the content of iron in root stromal of T-43 was significantly higher than that of CK, while that of T-04 was decreased. [conclusion] 1) the growth of rice under iron stress. There were genotypic differences in yield and iron nutrient efficiency. Among them, T-43 and T-69 were iron-deficient rice varieties, and T-04 was iron-sensitive rice varieties. 2) under iron-deficiency stress, T-43 could increase the activity of iron reductase in roots. The activity of H ATPase increased the iron uptake and transport ability of roots, and enhanced the tolerance of iron deficiency. 3) the iron deficiency tolerance of rice varieties was less affected by drought stress than that of iron sensitive rice varieties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S511
[Abstract]:[objective] the technology of drip irrigation under film has obvious benefit of saving water and increasing yield. However, under film drip irrigation rice is prone to the phenomenon of iron deficiency in leaves at seedling stage, and even seedling death in serious cases, which limits the popularization and application of drip irrigation technology under film. In order to solve the problem of iron deficiency in rice seedlings under film drip irrigation, the differences of iron nutrient efficiency genotypes, the physiological characteristics of iron nutrition and the effects of drought stress on iron nutrition of rice varieties with different iron tolerance were studied in this experiment. [methods] the experiment was conducted in Xinjiang Tianye Agricultural Research Institute from 2015 to 2016. The experiment station of agricultural college of Shihezi University (pot experiment) and the ecological laboratory of oasis (hydroponic test) were carried out. Field plot trial 1 (2015): six rice varieties (materials) were selected for single factor design to screen rice varieties with different iron tolerance. Pot experiment 2 (2016): the rice varieties (T-43CT-69 and T-04) and iron fertilizer treatment (non-iron fertilizer treatment and iron fertilizer treatment) were designed, which were abbreviated as-Fe, Fe) double factor test, respectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of rice varieties with different iron tolerance. Water culture experiment 3 (2016): the rice varieties (T-43 and T-04) and drought stress (using polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) were designed to simulate drought stress. The PEG mass fraction in the following nutrient solution was 0% and 10%, respectively. The effect of drought stress on iron nutrition of different iron deficiency rice varieties [results] 1) there were genotypic differences in growth and yield of rice under iron deficiency stress. At seedling stage, T-201 and T-43 had significantly higher aboveground dry matter than other varieties, but the tiller number of T-201 was significantly lower than that of other varieties, and the number of tiller death of T-04 was higher than that of other rice varieties. At the seedling stage and tillering stage, the dry matter quality of the aboveground part was medium and the yield was high. 2) there were genotypic differences in iron nutrient efficiency of drip irrigation rice under Fe deficiency. The iron absorption capacity of T-201 and T-43 roots at seedling stage and tillering stage was higher than that of other rice varieties. T-69 iron transfer ability in seedling stage was higher than that of other varieties, T-X iron mainly accumulated in root system, T-04 and T-43 iron transfer ability had no significant difference, T-04 iron mainly accumulated in stem and root system at tillering stage. The accumulation of iron in leaves of T-43 was significantly higher than that of other genotypes. The active iron content and physiological utilization efficiency of leaves in T-43 and T-X seedlings were higher. 3) the reduction of iron in roots of T-69 and T-43 without iron treatment was higher than that of other genotypes. The enzyme activity was significantly higher than that of iron deficiency sensitive rice genotype T-04. The iron transfer and absorption capacity of the rice variety T-04 was significantly decreased under drought stress. 4) the content of iron in the aboveground part of the iron-deficient rice T-43 was significantly higher than that of T-04 under drought stress. The H ATP activity of T-43 and T-04 roots decreased, while the H ATP activity of T-43 root system was significantly higher than that of T-04 root system under drought stress. Under drought stress, the content of iron in root stromal of T-43 was significantly higher than that of CK, while that of T-04 was decreased. [conclusion] 1) the growth of rice under iron stress. There were genotypic differences in yield and iron nutrient efficiency. Among them, T-43 and T-69 were iron-deficient rice varieties, and T-04 was iron-sensitive rice varieties. 2) under iron-deficiency stress, T-43 could increase the activity of iron reductase in roots. The activity of H ATPase increased the iron uptake and transport ability of roots, and enhanced the tolerance of iron deficiency. 3) the iron deficiency tolerance of rice varieties was less affected by drought stress than that of iron sensitive rice varieties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S511
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