【摘要】：谷子(Setaria italica)是我國的傳統(tǒng)糧食作物之一。其種植面積廣泛,具有較高的營養(yǎng)價值和抗氧化能力。蔗糖合成酶是蔗糖代謝的關(guān)鍵酶,能夠影響植物體內(nèi)抗氧化物質(zhì)的合成及抗氧化能力。因以,本課題共分為兩個部分來研究,第一部分是谷子提取物的抗氧化作用研究,第二部分是谷子蔗糖合成酶基因家族生物信息學(xué)研究。本試驗(yàn)以5個不同的谷子品種為研究對象,通過采用分光光度法和高效液相法對谷子的去皮后獲得的谷子提取物中總酚、黃酮、α-生育酚和多糖的含量和體外抗氧化的差異進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果顯示不同品種多酚、黃酮、α-生育酚和多糖含量變化范圍分別為79.31~36.99mg·100g-1、16.21~38.51 mg·100g-1、0.712~1.531 mg·100g-1和3.35~15.93mg·g-1。醇提物抗DPPH、OH-自由基清除率和總抗氧化能力的IC50值范圍分別為0.09~0.24mg·mL-1、0.41~0.74 mg·mL-1和0.98~2.35mg·mL-1。水提物抗DPPH、OH-自由基清除率和總抗氧化能力與醇提物相比較弱。相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果表明谷子醇提取物的DPPH清除率與多酚、α-生育酚和黃酮的相關(guān)較大;對OH-的清除率與多酚、黃酮的相關(guān)性較大;而對于總抗氧化能力與α-生育酚相關(guān)性較大。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)不同谷子品種抗氧化物質(zhì)的含量和抗氧化特性有一定差異,谷子抗氧化能力與品種間抗氧化成分含量的高低間沒有明顯的量效關(guān)系,醇提物抗氧化能力強(qiáng)于水提物,5個谷子品種中張雜谷3號有較強(qiáng)的抗氧化活性。以谷子基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫為平臺,利用生物信息學(xué)方法對谷子SuS基因(Si SuS)家族進(jìn)行挖掘和分析。結(jié)果表明,谷子的SiSuS基因家族包括9個基因,它們不均勻的分布在5條染色體上。SiSuS特性分析表明該家族氨基酸序列長度為809~1088aa,外顯子數(shù)目為10~16,大多數(shù)蛋白質(zhì)屬弱酸性。MEME軟件分析顯示,谷子SuS的氨基酸序列具有9個保守基序;進(jìn)化樹分析表明谷子、水稻和高粱SuS基因具有一定的同源性。研究結(jié)果為進(jìn)一步研究谷子抗氧化機(jī)制提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Millet (Setaria italica) is one of the traditional grain crops in China. Its planting area is extensive and has high nutritional value and anti-oxidation ability. Sucrose synthase is a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism, which can affect the synthesis and antioxidant capacity of antioxidants in plants. As a result, this subject is divided into two parts: the first part is about the antioxidant effect of millet extract, the second part is the bioinformatics study of sucrose synthase gene family in millet. In this experiment, five different millet varieties were used as research objects. The total phenol in the extract of millet was obtained by spectrophotometry and high performance liquid phase method. The contents of flavonoids, 偽-tocopherols and polysaccharides and the difference of antioxidant activity in vitro were studied. The results showed that the contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, 偽 -tocopherols and polysaccharides in different varieties varied from 79.31~36.99mg 100g-1 to 16.21C 38.51 mg 100g-1 and 3.35~15.93mg g-1. 531 mg 100g-1, respectively. The range of IC50 value of alcohol extract against DPPH,OH- radical scavenging rate and total antioxidant capacity is 0.09~0.24mg mL-1,0.41~0.74 mg mL-1 and 0.98~2.35mg mL-1., respectively. The scavenging rate and total antioxidant ability of water extract against DPPH,OH- free radical were weaker than that of alcohol extract. The results of correlation analysis showed that the DPPH clearance rate of millet alcohol extract was significantly correlated with polyphenols, 偽 -tocopherol and flavonoids, the clearance of OH- with polyphenols and flavonoids, and the total antioxidant capacity with 偽 -tocopherol. It was found that there were some differences in the contents and characteristics of antioxidants in different millet varieties, and there was no significant dose-effect relationship between the antioxidant capacity of millet and the content of antioxidant components in different millet varieties. The antioxidant activity of alcohol extract was stronger than that of water extract, and Zhangzagu 3 had strong antioxidant activity in 5 millet varieties. On the platform of millet genome database, the SuS gene (Si SuS) family of millet was mined and analyzed by bioinformatics. The results showed that the SiSuS gene family of millet consists of nine genes. The amino acid sequence length of the family was 809 ~ 1088aa and the number of exons was 10 ~ (16). The amino acid sequence of millet SuS had 9 conserved motifs. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the SuS gene of millet, rice and sorghum had some homology. The results provide theoretical basis for further study on antioxidation mechanism of millet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北北方學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：Q946

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