發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-19 09:06

【摘要】：花生是世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛種植的重要油料作物,花生油是我國(guó)主要的食用植物油,培育高油品種是花生育種的重要目標(biāo)之一。種子油脂的主要成分為三酰甘油(TAG),TAG的合成過程(Kennedy途徑)是由一分子的甘油依次與三分子的脂肪酸經(jīng)過三次酯化反應(yīng)合成,三次酯化反應(yīng)依次由GPAT、LPAAT、DGAT催化完成,前人研究發(fā)現(xiàn)花生GPAT9、LPAAT、DGAT1-2在Kennedy途徑中發(fā)揮重要作用。本研究以不同含油量的花生栽培品種(系)為試驗(yàn)材料,分別檢測(cè)了種子不同發(fā)育時(shí)期編碼三類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶的6個(gè)基因(GPAT9-A、GPAT9-B、LPAAT-A、LPAAT-B、DGAT1-2A、DGAT1-2B)的表達(dá)量,分析了三類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶基因表達(dá)量與籽仁含油量的相關(guān)性,以及編碼同類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶的2個(gè)亞基因組基因的表達(dá)差異,本研究結(jié)果為充分利用與改造�；D(zhuǎn)移酶基因調(diào)控花生等油料作物油脂合成奠定基礎(chǔ),對(duì)花生品質(zhì)改良具有重要的參考價(jià)值。本試驗(yàn)主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)隨著種子的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,三類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶基因表達(dá)變化曲線(表達(dá)模式)以單峰與雙峰為主,基因的表達(dá)變化曲線類型與品種含油量高低沒有明顯的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,同類表達(dá)模式品種間高油品種基因的表達(dá)量明顯高于低油品種。(2)編碼同類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶的2個(gè)亞基因組基因的表達(dá)差異,GPAT9-B的表達(dá)量大于GPAT9-A,LPAAT-A表達(dá)量大于LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A與DGAT1-2B表達(dá)量接近。(3)三類�；D(zhuǎn)移酶基因表達(dá)總量與籽仁含油量呈顯著或極顯著正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)從大到小依次為:LPAATDGAT1-2GPAT9。GPAT9-B、LPAAT-A、LPAAT-B、DGAT1-2A和DGAT1-2B的表達(dá)量均與籽仁含油量呈顯著正相關(guān)。(4)花生籽仁中DGAT1-2B/GPAT9-A和DGAT1-2/GPAT9-A比值與含油量均呈顯著正相關(guān),DGAT1-2B/LPAAT-B及DGAT1-2/LPAAT-B比值與含油量均呈顯著正相關(guān)。說明DGAT1-2與GPAT9、LPAAT之間表達(dá)量的相對(duì)值對(duì)種子含油量有影響。(5)獲得了4株GPAT9轉(zhuǎn)基因植株并收獲了T0植株的種子,為GPAT9的進(jìn)一步研究提供了材料。
[Abstract]:Peanut is an important oil crop widely planted in the world. Peanut oil is the main edible vegetable oil in China. Breeding high oil varieties is one of the important goals of peanut breeding. The main component of seed oil is the synthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) tag (Kennedy pathway), which is synthesized by the tertiary esterification of one molecule of glycerol and the fatty acid of three molecules, and the third step of esterification is catalyzed by GPAT,LPAAT,DGAT in turn. Previous studies have found that peanut GPAT9,LPAAT,DGAT1-2 plays an important role in the Kennedy pathway. In this study, peanut cultivars (lines) with different oil contents were used to detect the expression of 6 genes (GPAT9-A,GPAT9-B,LPAAT-A,LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A,DGAT1-2B) encoding three kinds of acyltransferases in seeds at different developmental stages. The relationship between the gene expression of three acyltransferases and the oil content of seed kernels, and the difference of expression of two subgenomic genes encoding the same acyltransferase were analyzed. The results of this study laid a foundation for fully utilizing and modifying the acyltransferase gene to regulate oil synthesis of peanut and other oil crops, and had important reference value for peanut quality improvement. The main results are as follows: (1) with the growth and development of seeds, the expression patterns of the three kinds of acyltransferases are mainly single-peak and bimodal. There was no significant correlation between the type of gene expression curve and the oil content of the variety. (2) the difference of expression of two subgenomic genes encoding the same acyltransferase was higher than that of GPAT9-A,LPAAT-A. (2) the expression level of GPAT9-B was higher than that of LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A and DGAT1-2B. Close to. (3) the total gene expression of three kinds of acyltransferases was positively correlated with the oil content of seed kernels. The correlation coefficient from large to small was: 1: LPAATDGAT1-2GPAT9.GPAT9-B + LPAAT-ANLPAAT-BUP DGAT1-2A and DGAT1-2B were positively correlated with seed oil content. (4) there was a significant positive correlation between DGAT1-2B/GPAT9-A and DGAT1-2/GPAT9-A ratio and oil content in peanut kernel. DGAT1-2B / LPAAT-B ratio and DGAT1-2/LPAAT-B ratio were positively correlated with oil content. The results showed that the relative expression of DGAT1-2 and GPAT9,LPAAT affected the oil content in seeds. (5) four GPAT9 transgenic plants were obtained and the seeds of T0 plants were harvested, which provided materials for the further study of GPAT9.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S565.2

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