擬南芥短根突變體14-2M-4的表型分析與基因定位分析
[Abstract]:Root system is an important underground organ of plants, which provides water and mineral nutrients for the aboveground parts of plants, makes them fixed in soil, and adjusts their growth according to the changing external and internal environment, so that the plants can adapt to the environment better. Plant roots originated from stem cells in root tip meristem cells. Stem cells are located in specific microenvironments and maintain stem cell activity and characteristics through the communication of signals between cells. Root tip stem cell microenvironment (RSCN) is composed of the rest center of root (Quiescent Center, (QC) and the surrounding stem cells. The stability of structure and function of RSCN is very important for the normal development of root system. In this study, genetic methods were used to screen short root mutants in order to find new regulatory elements to regulate the microenvironment of root tip stem cells. The mutant library was established by EMS chemical mutagenesis. In this study, the short root mutants were used as materials and named 14-2 M-4. The results were as follows: (1) the number of root meristem cells in 14-2 M-4 mutants decreased, and the density of lateral roots increased. In the seedling stage of the mutant 14-2 M-4, the defects of root development were mainly short roots, the length of meristem and the number of meristem cells decreased significantly, and the density of lateral roots increased. In addition, the floral organs of the mutants 14-2-M-4 were abnormal, and the position of pods was abnormal. The results showed that the mutant gene affected the development of the aboveground and underground parts of Arabidopsis thaliana. (2) the reporter gene of QC expression and the expression of Cyclin B1O1 in 14-2 M-4 mutant were inhibited by GUS staining. It was found that the expression of RopGEF7 and other reporter genes was significantly decreased in 14-2 M-4 mutant. These results indicate that the maintenance of microenvironment of root tip stem cells and the mitotic activity of meristem cells in mutants are affected. (3) the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 of root stem cell determinants in 14-2 M-4 mutants is weakened in 14-2 M-4 mutants, and the expression of SHR and SCR in 14-2 M-4 mutants is not found. Has been significantly affected, However, the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 decreased significantly, which suggested that the mutant gene affected the maintenance of the microenvironment of root stem cells mediated by the signal pathway of PLT. (4) the polar localization of PIN1 in the 14-2 M-4 mutant was changed. The expression of auxin output vector PIN1 in the mutant 14-2 M-4 was significantly decreased in the medium column cells from the bottom membrane localization to the apical membrane localization, indicating that the mutant gene affected the polarity of PIN1 by affecting the expression of DR5: Gus in the root tip. The distribution of auxin in the root tip was changed. (5) genetic mapping and cloning analysis confirmed the range of the mutation loci on the chromosome. Genetic analysis showed that the genetic characteristics of the mutation were in accordance with Mendelian's law of heredity. The isolation ratio of the mutant was 3: 1, 14-2, M-4, which belonged to the single gene recessive mutation. The mutational sites of 14-2 M-4 mutants were mapped coarsely near the NT204 labeled on the long arm of chromosome 3 by map cloning technique. By fine mapping, the mutation sites were located between MIG5-B and MRC8-B, the distance was about 104 kb, and there were 29 genes in the region. In conclusion, the gene mutation in the 14-2 M-4 mutant resulted in defects in root development and affected auxin mediated organ formation. Therefore, this gene may play an important role in the molecular network of auxin regulating root development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:Q943.2
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