【摘要】：水稻穎花發(fā)育過(guò)程對(duì)其產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的形成起重要的直接影響作用,因此對(duì)水稻穎花發(fā)育遺傳機(jī)理的研究具有重要的意義。通過(guò)60Coγ射線輻射誘變9311獲得了一個(gè)內(nèi)稃及其雌雄蕊異常的突變體apps(abnormal palea and pistil-stamen)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了 apps 突變體花器官的形態(tài)特征、主要農(nóng)藝性狀及其遺傳,對(duì)突變體apps基因進(jìn)行了定位及候選基因的預(yù)測(cè)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、apps突變體部分穎花發(fā)育出現(xiàn)異常,其表現(xiàn)為外稃發(fā)育都正常,內(nèi)稃小而皺縮,雌雄蕊數(shù)目出現(xiàn)不同程度地變化,穎花中的部分雄蕊雌蕊化,甚至一些穎花雄蕊全部雌蕊化。另外,穗基部及每個(gè)枝�；康姆f花表型為正常。與野生型品種9311相比,突變體的株高變矮、包穗、穗子變短;谷粒變短、千粒重和結(jié)實(shí)率降低。2、遺傳分析表明,該突變體apps的內(nèi)稃和雌雄蕊異常性狀是受一對(duì)隱性基因控制的。3、將培矮64s與穎花突變體apps雜交的F2代中所有突變單株作為定位群體,利用SSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù),對(duì)apps進(jìn)行定位。將apps基因初步定位在1號(hào)染色體短臂上RM243和RM490之間,與兩標(biāo)記間的遺傳距離均為6.875 cM。最終將apps基因精細(xì)定位在MM1445和MM1450標(biāo)記之間,它們之間的物理距離約15.3kb。4、利用RGAP數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)區(qū)間內(nèi)有2個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)基因。根據(jù)功能分析推定LOC_Os01g12890為可能的目標(biāo)基因,對(duì)其進(jìn)行測(cè)序與正常親本序列比對(duì)分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)apps中的LOC_Os01g12890基因的第4個(gè)外顯子中有兩個(gè)堿基發(fā)生變化,其中第1367位堿基由G突變?yōu)門,第1368位堿基A缺失,從而導(dǎo)致該基因翻譯提前終止,據(jù)此確定LOC_Os01g12890為候選基因。
[Abstract]:The development of spikelet plays an important and direct role in the formation of grain yield and quality, so it is of great significance to study the genetic mechanism of spikelet development in rice. A mutant apps (abnormal palea and pistil-stamen with abnormal Palea and its pistil was obtained by 60Co 緯 -ray radiation mutation 9311. The morphological characteristics, main agronomic characters and inheritance of floral organs of apps mutants were studied. The apps gene location and candidate genes were predicted. The main results were as follows: some spikelets of the 1: 1 apps mutant showed abnormal development, which showed that the Lemma developed normally, the Palea was small and shrinked, the number of pistil and stamen changed in varying degrees, and some of the stamens in the spikelet were pistilate. Even some spikelets are completely pistilate. In addition, the spikelet phenotype at the base of the ear and at the base of each branch was normal. Compared with wild-type variety 9311, the plant height, panicle, spike, grain weight and seed setting rate of the mutant became shorter, 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate decreased .2.The genetic analysis showed that, The abnormal characters of Palea and pistil of the mutant apps were controlled by a pair of recessive genes. All the mutant plants in F2 generation of Pei'ai 64s crossing with spikelet mutant apps were used as the locational population. SSR molecular marker technique was used to localize apps. The apps gene was preliminarily mapped between RM243 and RM490 on the short arm of chromosome 1. The genetic distance between the two markers was 6.875 cm. Finally, the apps gene was carefully mapped between MM1445 and MM1450 markers, and the physical distance between them was about 15.3kb.4. two predictive genes were found in the target region by RGAP database analysis. According to functional analysis, LOC_Os01g12890 was presumed to be a possible target gene, which was sequenced and analyzed with normal parent sequence alignment. It was found that there were two bases in the fourth exon of the LOC_Os01g12890 gene in apps, in which the 1367 base was mutated from G to T and the 1368 base A was deleted, which led to the early termination of the translation of the gene. LOC_Os01g12890 was identified as a candidate gene.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S511

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