本文選題：馬鈴薯 + 抗旱資源篩選��； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：干旱對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的危害日趨嚴(yán)重,抗旱作物品種的種植是應(yīng)對干旱的有效途徑之一,因此作物抗旱資源的篩選對其適應(yīng)干旱環(huán)境具有重大意義。我國馬鈴薯主產(chǎn)區(qū)的大部分區(qū)域?yàn)樗Y源匱乏的干旱貧瘠地區(qū),隨著全球氣候變暖,干旱地區(qū)的面積逐年擴(kuò)大,因此抗旱資源的篩選與育種利用、以及抗旱品種在生產(chǎn)上的推廣應(yīng)用,將對提高干旱地區(qū)馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量發(fā)揮重要作用;有效發(fā)掘關(guān)鍵調(diào)控基因,對深入研究馬鈴薯干旱脅迫應(yīng)答的分子機(jī)理具有重要意義。本試驗(yàn)對210份抗旱育種后代材料進(jìn)行PEG-6000模擬干旱和抗旱棚種植,利用幾種抗旱生理指標(biāo)綜合評價(jià)的方法,篩選出了抗旱性好的材料;利用從已知抗旱品種中發(fā)掘的與抗旱相關(guān)的基因,對抗旱性好且綜合表現(xiàn)優(yōu)良的材料開展轉(zhuǎn)錄水平檢測。為馬鈴薯抗旱種質(zhì)資源的篩選、抗旱性快速評價(jià)體系的建立和抗旱育種工作的開展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)利用20%PEG-6000溶液脅迫離體葉片法對210份抗旱育種后代材料進(jìn)行抗旱性初步評價(jià),根據(jù)萎蔫程度、抗旱生理指標(biāo),并結(jié)合產(chǎn)量,初步篩選出17份抗旱材料,建立了一套快速有效篩選及評價(jià)馬鈴薯抗旱種質(zhì)資源的的方法。(2)采用抗旱棚盆栽控水試驗(yàn)對入選的17份材料進(jìn)行抗旱性綜合評價(jià),測定農(nóng)藝性狀、抗旱生理指標(biāo)、光合參數(shù)及產(chǎn)量,利用隸屬函數(shù)分析法鑒定出高度抗旱材料6份,其中ND23、ND20的抗旱性強(qiáng)于定薯1號;ZD33、ZD29的抗旱性強(qiáng)于克新1號,但弱于定薯1號;ND2的抗旱性強(qiáng)于冀張薯8號,但弱于克新1號,ND22的抗旱性強(qiáng)于東農(nóng)311,但弱于冀張薯8號。(3)針對8個在干旱誘導(dǎo)下蛋白呈現(xiàn)上調(diào)表達(dá)的相關(guān)基因,進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行抗旱功能的鑒定。利用20%PEG-6000溶液脅迫處理已知抗旱性有差異的品種克新1號、冀張薯8號和費(fèi)烏瑞它的脫毒試管苗,進(jìn)行Real-time PCR(q RT-PCR)檢測,結(jié)果表明:有5個基因可能對抗旱調(diào)節(jié)起到關(guān)鍵作用,分別為熱休克蛋白STI基因(HSPSL)、ATP合酶基因(ATPSM)、甘氨酸富集蛋白基因(GRP2L)、葉綠體50S核糖體蛋白基因(50RP4L)、馬鈴薯葉綠體核酮糖-5-磷酸3-差向異構(gòu)酶基因(P5P3E)。(4)對6份高度抗旱材料進(jìn)行5個抗旱相關(guān)基因的q RT-PCR檢測,結(jié)果表明:ND23、ND22、ZD33、ZD29、ND2中,5個抗旱相關(guān)基因上均顯著上調(diào)表達(dá);ND20(除GRP2L基因)有4個抗旱相關(guān)基因顯著上調(diào)表達(dá)。HSPSL基因、GRP2L基因上調(diào)表達(dá)時間較早,最大上調(diào)表達(dá)時間是6 h、12 h和24 h;ATPSM基因、50RP4L基因在干旱脅迫的前期上調(diào)表達(dá),上調(diào)表達(dá)時間是6 h和12 h;P5P3E基因分別在干旱脅迫的早、晚期上調(diào)表達(dá),上調(diào)表達(dá)時間是6 h和48 h。材料的抗旱性在轉(zhuǎn)錄水平上得到驗(yàn)證,基因在高度抗旱材料中上調(diào)表達(dá)。
[Abstract]:Drought damage to agricultural production is becoming more and more serious. Planting drought-resistant crop varieties is one of the effective ways to cope with drought. Therefore, the screening of drought-resistant crop resources is of great significance to their adaptation to drought environment. The majority of potato production areas in China are arid and barren areas with scarce water resources. With the global warming, the area of arid areas is expanding year by year, so the selection and breeding utilization of drought-resistant resources. The popularization and application of drought-resistant varieties in production will play an important role in improving the yield of potato in arid areas, and it is of great significance to explore the key regulatory genes and to further study the molecular mechanism of drought stress response in potato. In this experiment, 210 progenies of drought resistance breeding were planted in simulated drought and drought resistant shed with PEG-6000. The materials with good drought resistance were screened by using several comprehensive evaluation methods of physiological indexes of drought resistance. The transcriptional level of drought-resistant materials with good drought resistance and comprehensive performance was detected by using genes related to drought resistance which were extracted from known drought-resistant varieties. It lays a foundation for the screening of drought resistant germplasm resources, the establishment of rapid evaluation system for drought resistance and the development of drought resistance breeding. The main results are as follows: (1) the drought resistance of 210 drought resistant breeding progenies was preliminarily evaluated by using 20 PEG-6000 solution stress in vitro. According to wilting degree, drought resistance physiological index and yield, 17 drought resistant materials were preliminarily selected. A set of rapid and effective methods for screening and evaluating drought resistant germplasm resources of potato were established. (2) the drought resistance of 17 selected materials was evaluated by pot water control experiment in drought-resistant greenhouse, and agronomic characters and physiological indexes of drought resistance were determined. Photosynthetic parameters and yield were identified by membership function analysis. The drought resistance of ND23 Nd20 was stronger than that of Dingshu 1, ZD33, ZD29 and Kexin 1, but weaker than that of Dingshu 1 and Dingshu 1, but less than that of Dingshu 1 and Jizhangshu 8, respectively, and the drought resistance of ND20 was stronger than that of Dingshu 1, ZD33 and ZD29, but weaker than that of Dingshu 1 and Nd2. But the drought resistance of Nd22 was weaker than that of Dongnong 311, but weaker than that of Jizhangshu 8. (3) the drought resistance function of 8 genes which showed up-regulated expression under drought induction was further identified. Using 20 PEG-6000 solution stress to treat virulent plantlets of known drought-resistant varieties Kexin 1, Ji Zhangshu 8 and Fiurita, and detect them by Real-time PCR (Q RT-PCR). The results showed that 5 genes may play a key role in drought resistance regulation. Heat shock protein STI gene (HSPSl), glycine rich protein gene (GRP2L), chloroplast 50S ribosomal protein gene (50RP4L) and chloroplast ketoglycose-5-phosphate 3-differential isomerase gene (P5P3E). (4) were used to treat 6 drought resistant materials. Five drought-related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 4 of the 5 drought related genes (except GRP2L gene) were significantly up-regulated in 4 of the 5 drought related genes (except GRP2L gene). The up-regulation of GRP2L gene was earlier than that of HSPSL gene. The maximum up-regulated expression time was 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively, and the up-regulation time was 6 h and 12 h, respectively, and the up-regulation time was 6 h and 48 h, respectively. The drought resistance of the materials was verified at the transcriptional level, and the gene expression was up-regulated in the highly drought-resistant materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S532

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 武燕奇;郭素娟;;5個板栗品種對干旱脅迫的生理響應(yīng)及抗旱性評價(jià)[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2017年01期

2 胡樹平;蘇治軍;于曉芳;陳春梅;高聚林;呂佳雯;王鵬飛;許子清;;玉米自交系抗旱相關(guān)性狀的主成分分析與模糊聚類[J];干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究;2016年06期

3 王建武;相微微;亢福仁;;過表達(dá)截形苜蓿液泡膜H~+-PPase基因提高馬鈴薯的抗旱性[J];分子植物育種;2016年06期

4 楊霞;李毅博;白月梅;苗芳;劉黨校;易華;;干旱條件下葉片非順序衰老小麥頂二葉葉綠素?zé)晒馓匦訹J];干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究;2016年01期

5 呂文河;李志燕;雷雪萍;白雅梅;閆雷;張麗莉;汝甲榮;;離體條件下PEG-6000脅迫對馬鈴薯組培苗影響[J];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2015年10期

6 鄧沛怡;周杰良;陶抵輝;劉坤;吳易雄;;干旱脅迫對6種藤本植物光合作用及葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù)的影響[J];湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2015年03期

7 彭保周;;秋季馬鈴薯栽培技術(shù)縱議[J];農(nóng)技服務(wù);2015年04期

8 侯飛娜;木泰華;孫紅男;劉興麗;張苗;陳井旺;;不同品種馬鈴薯全粉蛋白質(zhì)營養(yǎng)品質(zhì)評價(jià)[J];食品科技;2015年03期

9 張麗莉;石瑛;祁雪;王慶祥;崔琳;;干旱脅迫對馬鈴薯葉片超微結(jié)構(gòu)及生理指標(biāo)的影響[J];干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究;2015年02期

10 谷悅;;馬鈴薯將成我國第四大主糧主糧化進(jìn)程受關(guān)注[J];中國食品;2015年02期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 王芳;;干旱脅迫對馬鈴薯的危害[A];馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)與小康社會建設(shè)[C];2014年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 楊江偉;馬鈴薯干旱相關(guān)microRNA的鑒定及功能研究[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 張麗莉;干旱脅迫條件下馬鈴薯耐旱基因表達(dá)及葉片蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)分析[D];沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

3 劉冬峰;砂梨對高溫脅迫的響應(yīng)及耐熱機(jī)理研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2014年

4 李倩;馬鈴薯對水分脅迫的生理響應(yīng)及抗旱調(diào)控措施研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

5 楊淑慎;抗旱小麥品種長武134耐旱的生理與分子機(jī)制研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 徐雪風(fēng);干旱鍛煉及連作調(diào)控對馬鈴薯生長發(fā)育和抗性生理的影響[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 趙雪君;不同氮鉀用量對馬鈴薯塊莖鉀、鐵、鋅素積累影響的研究[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

3 李志燕;PEG-6000脅迫下馬鈴薯耐旱指標(biāo)的篩選[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

4 周姍;小麥葉片伸長生長對干旱脅迫的響應(yīng)與擴(kuò)展蛋白關(guān)系研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

5 張向娟;干旱脅迫下棉花葉片光合特性的適應(yīng)機(jī)制研究[D];石河子大學(xué);2014年

6 盧福順;水分脅迫對馬鈴薯生理指標(biāo)和葉片結(jié)構(gòu)的影響[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

7 章玉婷;馬鈴薯寧蒗182干旱脅迫下的生理機(jī)制和蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)研究[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2013年

8 焦志麗;馬鈴薯干旱危害及提高抗旱性的研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

9 徐蘆;蕎麥抗旱指標(biāo)鑒選與利用[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2010年

10 高亞迪;農(nóng)桿菌介導(dǎo)的P5CS基因轉(zhuǎn)化東農(nóng)303馬鈴薯的研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：2057656