本文選題：小麥 + 核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：小麥?zhǔn)俏覈饕募Z食作物之一,其產(chǎn)量的高低直接關(guān)系到糧食安全。小麥生產(chǎn)時常受到干旱的影響。發(fā)掘抗旱相關(guān)基因并通過分子育種的方法培育抗旱新品種至關(guān)重要。已有研究表明,轉(zhuǎn)錄因子基因是重要的抗旱相關(guān)候選基因源。前期的抗逆基因挖掘研究中,本實驗室從小麥干旱轉(zhuǎn)錄譜中篩選到兩個NF-Y類核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子(nuclear transcription factor)基因,TaNF-Y1和TaNF-Y2。在擬南芥中進行的初步功能驗證表明,這兩個基因均可以提高轉(zhuǎn)基因擬南芥的抗旱性。為了進一步驗證它們在小麥中的功能,分別得到了TaNF-Y1轉(zhuǎn)石4185和TaNF-Y2轉(zhuǎn)濟麥22轉(zhuǎn)基因小麥T5株系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本研究在室內(nèi)干旱脅迫和大田控水條件下,以抗旱相關(guān)生理生化指標(biāo)和產(chǎn)量為依據(jù),對兩種轉(zhuǎn)基因小麥的抗旱性進行了鑒定,進而對TaNF-Y1和TaNF-Y2基因在小麥中的抗旱功能進行了分析。主要研究結(jié)果如下:三個TaNF-Y1轉(zhuǎn)基因株系與受體品種石4185相比較,在相同PEG模擬干旱脅迫條件下,轉(zhuǎn)基因株系的種子發(fā)芽勢、發(fā)芽率、苗期單株生物量和總根系長度都顯著高于受體,而苗期離體葉片失水率和葉片相對電導(dǎo)率則顯著低于受體,有利于保水。更為重要的是,在大田控水和正常灌溉條件下,三個轉(zhuǎn)基因株系的產(chǎn)量都顯著高于受體,且在控水條件下產(chǎn)量增幅更大。以上結(jié)果表明,TaNF-Y1基因在受體品種石4185中的過表達有利于增強小麥的耐旱性。三個TaNF-Y2轉(zhuǎn)基因株系與受體品種濟麥22相比較,大田控水和正常灌溉條件下,轉(zhuǎn)基因株系的產(chǎn)量都顯著高于受體,產(chǎn)量的增加主要因千粒重增高所致。灌漿期是千粒重形成的關(guān)鍵時期,這一時期在室內(nèi)控水處理下,三個TaNF-Y2轉(zhuǎn)基因株系的葉片丙二醛含量和葉片相對電導(dǎo)率顯著低于受體品種濟麥22,而可溶性蛋白含量顯著高于受體品種濟麥22;孕穗期室內(nèi)控水試驗結(jié)果與灌漿期一致。以上結(jié)果表明,TaNF-Y2基因在受體品種濟麥22中的過表達有利于增強小麥抵御干旱脅迫的能力。
[Abstract]:Wheat is one of the main food crops in China, and its yield is directly related to food security. Wheat production is often affected by drought. It is very important to discover drought-related genes and develop new drought-resistant varieties by molecular breeding. It has been shown that transcription factor gene is an important candidate gene source for drought resistance. Two NF-Y transcription factor genes, TaNF-Y1 and TaNF-Y2, were screened from drought transcription profiles of wheat. Preliminary functional verification in Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the two genes could improve drought resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. In order to further verify their function in wheat, the transgenic wheat T5 lines of TaNF-Y1 and TaNF-Y2 transferred to Jimai 22 were obtained, respectively. On this basis, the drought resistance of two transgenic wheat was identified under indoor drought stress and field water control, based on physiological and biochemical indexes related to drought resistance and yield. The drought resistance function of TaNF-Y1 and TaNF-Y2 genes in wheat was analyzed. The main results are as follows: the seed germination potential and germination rate of three TaNF-Y1 transgenic lines were compared with the recipient variety Shi 4185 under the same PEG simulated drought stress. Biomass per plant and total root length of seedling stage were significantly higher than that of receptor, while the rate of water loss and relative conductivity of leaves in seedling stage were significantly lower than those of receptor, which was beneficial to water conservation. More importantly, under the condition of field water control and normal irrigation, the yield of the three transgenic lines was significantly higher than that of the receptor, and the yield increased even more under the condition of water control. The results indicated that the overexpression of TaNF-Y1 gene in the recipient variety Shi 4185 was beneficial to enhance wheat drought tolerance. The yield of the three TaNF-Y2 transgenic lines was significantly higher than that of the recipient lines under field water control and normal irrigation, and the increase of yield was mainly due to the increase of 1000-grain weight. The filling stage is the key period for the formation of 1000-grain weight, which is controlled by indoor water treatment. The malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity of leaves of the three TaNF-Y2 transgenic lines were significantly lower than those of the recipient variety Jimai 22, while the content of soluble protein was significantly higher than that of the recipient variety Jimai 22, and the results of indoor water control experiment at booting stage were consistent with those of grain filling stage. The results indicated that the overexpression of TaNF-Y2 gene in the recipient variety Jimai 22 was helpful to enhance the ability of wheat to resist drought stress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S512.1

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