本文選題：肌肉生長抑制素 + 生長性狀��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：肌肉生長抑制素(myostatin,MSTN)作為骨骼肌發(fā)育的負調(diào)控因子,不僅與骨骼肌的發(fā)育有關(guān),而且是哺乳動物機體內(nèi)能量代謝重要調(diào)節(jié)者。葡萄糖作為機體代謝活動最重要的能量物質(zhì)與MSTN基因存在關(guān)聯(lián)性。目前關(guān)于MSTN蛋白功能的缺失對葡萄糖代謝的影響,主要集中在與胰島素抵抗有關(guān)的信號通路以及葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運體上。本試驗以缺失6bp與115bpMSTN基因兩種類型F1代牛為對象,研究了 MSTN敲除對F1代牛的生長發(fā)育、生理生化及糖代謝的影響。首先,對F1代犢牛自一月齡至十二月齡生長性狀進行測量,確定了 MSTN基敲除對小牛生長發(fā)育的影響;其次,對犢牛進行血液MSTN蛋白含量的檢測及液生化分析,比較了 MSTN敲除牛與對照組牛生理代謝物差異;最后,通過分析F1代牛細胞的葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運、糖氧化、糖原合成及磷酸戊糖途徑的底物及限速酶基因的表達情況,研究了 MSTN基因突變對于糖代謝的影響。結(jié)果表明:(1)與對照組相比,MSTN敲除牛血液中的MSTN蛋白含量極顯著降低(P0.01)。(2)MSTN基因敲除可明顯提升小牛的生長發(fā)育速度,MSTN短片段缺失組公牛生長指標均顯著高于MSTN長片段缺失公牛與對照組公牛;MSTN敲除對于母牛生長的影響較公牛相比不顯著。(3)血液生化結(jié)果顯示,MSTN基因的敲除可以顯著提升血液中堿性磷酸酶的含量,同時血液中的葡萄糖含量會顯著降低,而谷氨酰胺轉(zhuǎn)移酶、天冬氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶、丙氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶、血液淀粉酶、尿素氮、血磷、血鈣、白蛋白、膽固醇、尿酸、肌酸激酶、肌酐、總膽紅素、總蛋白、球蛋白等指標無明顯差異。(4)MSTN敲除促進了糖攝取轉(zhuǎn)運、糖氧化、磷酸戊糖途徑相關(guān)的底物含量及相關(guān)限速酶的表達,同時又抑制了糖原合成。綜上所述,MSTN基因敲除促進了牛的生長發(fā)育,影響與糖代謝有關(guān)的底物含量及限速酶基因的表達,提高了葡萄糖代謝,引起血糖濃度降低。
[Abstract]:As a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development, muscle growth inhibitor myostatinine (MSTN) is not only related to skeletal muscle development, but also an important regulator of energy metabolism in mammalian organism. Glucose, as the most important energy substance in metabolic activity, is associated with MSTN gene. At present, the effects of lack of MSTN protein function on glucose metabolism are mainly related to insulin resistance signaling pathway and glucose transporter. In this study, the effects of MSTN knockout on the growth, development, physiology, biochemistry and glucose metabolism of F1 cattle with deletion of 6bp and 115bpMSTN gene were studied. Firstly, the growth characteristics of F1 calves from one month to twelve months were measured, and the effects of MSTN knockout on calf growth and development were determined. Secondly, the blood MSTN protein content and liquid biochemical analysis were performed on calves. The differences of physiological metabolites between MSTN knockout cattle and control cattle were compared. Finally, the glucose transport, glucose oxidation, glycogen synthesis, substrate and rate-limiting enzyme gene expression of pentose phosphate pathway in F1 generation cattle were analyzed. The effect of MSTN gene mutation on glucose metabolism was studied. The results showed that compared with the control group, the content of MSTN protein in the blood of MSTN knockout cattle was significantly lower than that of the control group. The growth index of bull with short deletion of MSTN fragment was significantly higher than that of MSTN long fragment. The effect of MSTN knockout on the growth of cows was not significant compared with that of the control.) the results of blood biochemistry showed that the knockout of MSTN gene could significantly increase the content of alkaline phosphatase in the blood. At the same time, glucose levels in the blood decreased significantly, while glutamine transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood amylase, urea nitrogen, blood phosphorus, blood calcium, albumin, cholesterol, uric acid, creatine kinase, There was no significant difference in creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein and globulin. MSTN knockout promoted glucose uptake and transport, glucose oxidation, substrate content related to the pentose phosphate pathway and the expression of related rate-limiting enzymes, and inhibited glycogen synthesis at the same time. In conclusion, MSTN gene knockout promoted the growth and development of cattle, affected the substrate content related to glucose metabolism and the expression of rate-limiting enzyme gene, increased glucose metabolism, and resulted in the decrease of blood glucose concentration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q78;S823

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