本文選題：分子標(biāo)記輔助選擇 + 自然誘發(fā)�。� 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：培育稻瘟病抗性品種是控制水稻稻瘟病最環(huán)保和長(zhǎng)效的途徑。本研究通過(guò)分子標(biāo)記輔助選擇和回交育種的方法,將9個(gè)已克隆的稻瘟病抗性基因Pi37、Pit、Pid3、Pigm、Pi36、Pi5、Pikh、Pikm和Pb1分別單個(gè)導(dǎo)入或兩兩聚合于四個(gè)光溫敏核不育系受體親本Y58S、廣占63-4S、C815S和HD9802S,在自然病圃中對(duì)這些改良家系的稻瘟病抗性進(jìn)行考察鑒定,綜合評(píng)價(jià)這9個(gè)基因在自然條件下的抗性效應(yīng)。結(jié)果如下:1、得到31個(gè)單基因改良家系和22個(gè)雙基因聚合家系,并對(duì)所有實(shí)驗(yàn)群體中的每個(gè)植株進(jìn)行分蘗期葉瘟和成熟期穗頸瘟的表型考察。2、自然病圃誘發(fā)鑒定表明:相比輪回親本,單基因改良家系中,攜帶基因Pid3的植株在4個(gè)不育系背景下兩年間均表現(xiàn)出極顯著的(P0.01)葉瘟和穗頸瘟抗性改良;基因Pigm在不同不育系中均表現(xiàn)出一定的稻瘟病抗性改良,除2014年C815S遺傳背景和HD9802S遺傳背景以及2015年廣占63-4S遺傳背景的葉瘟抗性未達(dá)到顯著以外,其它遺傳背景的分蘗期葉瘟或成熟期穗頸瘟抗性改良均達(dá)到顯著(P0.05)或極顯著水平;基因Pikh、Pi5和Pi37也有類似于基因Pigm的遺傳效應(yīng),但抗性在苗期葉瘟抗性和穗頸瘟抗性以及不同年度間表現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定;基因Pi36和Pit僅在個(gè)別不育系遺傳背景下表現(xiàn)出抗性;基因Pikm在分蘗期葉瘟表現(xiàn)出極顯著抗性改良,而成熟期穗頸瘟則無(wú)抗性;基因Pb1由于群體少,未檢測(cè)到其對(duì)稻瘟病的自然抗性。3、雙基因聚合家系中,絕大多數(shù)家系的抗性都有明顯改良。其中,包含Pi37/Pigm、Pid3/Pikh、Pigm/Pid3和Pi5/Pikh等基因組合的抗性有顯著的增強(qiáng)且累加效應(yīng)明顯;而包含Pi37/Pikh、Pit/Pigm等基因組合的抗性則無(wú)累加效應(yīng)。本研究綜合評(píng)估了自然誘發(fā)條件下,9個(gè)抗性基因及其雙基因組合在4個(gè)遺傳背景下的稻瘟病抗性,對(duì)稻瘟病抗性育種具有重要應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Breeding of rice blast resistant varieties is the most environmentally friendly and long-term way to control rice blast. By means of molecular marker assisted selection and backcross breeding, 9 cloned rice blast resistance genes, Pi37, Pit, Pid3, Pigm, Pi36, Pi5, Pikh, Pikm and Pb1, were introduced individually or 22 to four photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile lines. This Y58S, widely occupied by 63-4S, C815S and HD9802S, examined the resistance of the improved rice blast in the natural nursery and evaluated the resistance effects of the 9 genes under natural conditions. The results were as follows: 1, 31 single gene reformers and 22 double gene polymerized families were obtained, and each plant in all the experimental groups was divided. The phenotypic investigation of the tillering stage leaf blast and the mature spike neck blast was.2, and the natural disease nursery induced identification showed that, compared with the recurrent parent, the plants carrying gene Pid3 showed very significant (P0.01) leaf blast and spike neck blast resistance in the 4 sterile lines, and gene Pigm showed a certain degree in different sterile lines. The resistance improvement of rice blast, except for the genetic background of C815S in 2014 and the genetic background of HD9802S, as well as the resistance to the genetic background of 63-4S in 2015, was not significant. The resistance improvement of the leaf blast in the tillering stage or the mature stage of the other genetic background reached significant (P0.05) or extremely significant level, and the gene Pikh, Pi5 and Pi37 also resemble the gene Pig. The genetic effect of M, but the resistance to leaf blast resistance and ear neck blast resistance and the performance of different years was unstable; gene Pi36 and Pit showed resistance only in the genetic background of individual sterile lines; gene Pikm showed extremely significant resistance improvement at tillering stage, while the mature ear neck blast was not resistant; gene Pb1 was not detected because of few populations. To the natural resistance to rice blast.3, the resistance of most families in the double gene polymerized family was significantly improved. Among them, the resistance to the combination of Pi37/Pigm, Pid3/Pikh, Pigm/Pid3 and Pi5/Pikh was significantly enhanced and the cumulative effect was obvious, while the resistance of the gene combinations including Pi37/Pikh and Pit/Pigm had no cumulative effect. The study synthetically evaluated the resistance of 9 resistance genes and their double gene combinations under 4 genetic backgrounds, which had important application value for rice blast resistance breeding.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S435.111.41

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 牟同敏;;中國(guó)兩系法雜交水稻研究進(jìn)展和展望[J];科學(xué)通報(bào);2016年35期

2 施建達(dá);陸建龍;陸云明;錢雪芬;;對(duì)水稻常規(guī)育種方法的創(chuàng)新及其優(yōu)勢(shì)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)科技通訊;2015年02期

3 溫小紅;謝明杰;姜健;楊寶靈;邵艷龍;何偉;劉麗;趙毅;;水稻稻瘟病防治方法研究進(jìn)展[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2013年03期

4 劉楊;肖應(yīng)輝;史學(xué)濤;劉雄倫;戴良英;王國(guó)梁;;基因克隆策略在抗稻瘟病基因分離中的應(yīng)用[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2012年24期

5 斯華敏;劉文真;付亞萍;孫宗修;胡國(guó)成;;我國(guó)兩系雜交水稻發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和建議[J];中國(guó)水稻科學(xué);2011年05期

6 ;A Pid3 allele from rice cultivar Gumei2 confers resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae[J];遺傳學(xué)報(bào);2011年05期

7 江南;劉雄倫;戴良英;王國(guó)梁;;水稻抗稻瘟病基因的定位與克隆研究進(jìn)展[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2010年10期

8 吳雙清;王林;;建立稻瘟病自然誘發(fā)鑒定體系的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)[J];中國(guó)稻米;2010年02期

9 高冠軍;李桂菊;包亮;何予卿;;水稻全生育期稻瘟病抗性遺傳及其基因定位研究[J];分子植物育種;2008年05期

10 鄂志國(guó);張麗靖;焦桂愛(ài);程本義;王磊;;稻瘟病抗性基因的鑒定及利用進(jìn)展[J];中國(guó)水稻科學(xué);2008年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 林授鍇;水稻抗稻瘟病QTLs的整合及其基因挖掘與表達(dá)研究[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2016年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 劉佳;稻瘟病抗性基因在自然病圃的評(píng)價(jià)及基因定位研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 陳鑫;水稻不育系康豐A稻瘟病抗性的遺傳分析和基因定位[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2015年

3 馮玉濤;水稻抗稻瘟病基因R6的精細(xì)定位以及新基因的發(fā)掘[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

4 于苗苗;稻瘟病主效抗性基因近等基因系的構(gòu)建及育種效用評(píng)價(jià)[D];揚(yáng)州大學(xué);2012年

5 晏斌;水稻稻瘟病抗性基因的發(fā)掘和應(yīng)用[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1871089