本文選題：氮素　切入點(diǎn)：Wx基因　出處：《云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：小麥粉品質(zhì)受其籽粒淀粉含量和組成的影響,而小麥籽粒中直鏈淀粉含量受Wx基因控制。為明確氮素水平及Wx基因?qū)π←溵r(nóng)藝性狀及淀粉生物合成的影響,本研究以寧麥14為背景的8個(gè)小麥Wx近等基因系為材料,以三葉期追施不同量的尿素作為氮素處理梯度,并測(cè)定其生育期、農(nóng)藝性狀、相關(guān)淀粉合成酶活性、可溶蛋白質(zhì)含量及淀粉組分和含量,結(jié)果表明:1氮素、Wx基因?qū)ι诘挠绊懟蛐蛯?duì)小麥拔節(jié)期、抽穗期、開(kāi)花期的影響達(dá)到極顯著差異,氮素水平未引起小麥生育期顯著變化,基因型和氮素水平綜合作用對(duì)生育期的影響作用不顯著。2氮素、Wx基因?qū)r(nóng)藝性狀的影響基因型引起千粒重、單株分蘗數(shù)、單株穗數(shù)、產(chǎn)量的差異達(dá)到極顯著水平,同時(shí)引起株高差異顯著。氮素水平引起單株穗數(shù)、產(chǎn)量差異達(dá)到極顯著水平,同時(shí)引起單株分蘗數(shù)差異顯著。3氮素、Wx基因?qū)Φ矸酆铣傻挠绊懟蛐汀⒐酀{時(shí)間均引起小麥籽粒直鏈淀粉、支鏈淀粉和總淀粉含量達(dá)到極顯著差異;基因型和氮素水平綜合作用僅引起總淀粉含量達(dá)到極顯著差異,使支鏈淀粉含量達(dá)到顯著差異。3個(gè)Wx基因淀粉合成能力不一致,其中Wx-B1對(duì)直鏈淀粉合成的影響作用最大,對(duì)小麥籽粒品質(zhì)具有重要作用。4氮素、Wx基因?qū)ο嚓P(guān)淀粉合成酶的影響Wx基因型對(duì)相關(guān)淀粉合成酶活性影響較大。氮素水平對(duì)UGP、SBE、SSS、GBSS活性的影響作用不顯著,對(duì)AGPase活性的影響作用較大。5氮素、Wx基因?qū)ζ烊~葉綠素和蔗糖合成酶的影響基因型引起旗葉中葉綠素a含量、葉綠素b含量、總?cè)~綠素含量達(dá)到極顯著差異;氮素水平引起葉綠素a含量、葉綠素b含量和總?cè)~綠素含量達(dá)到顯著差異。同時(shí)基因型引起蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性達(dá)到極顯著差異。本研究探討了氮素對(duì)不同Wx基因型小麥的影響,了解施氮量與優(yōu)質(zhì)糯性小麥基因型的互作效應(yīng),為Wx基因的利用和提高氮素的有效利用提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The quality of wheat flour was affected by its starch content and composition, while the amylose content in wheat grain was controlled by WX gene. In order to clarify the effect of nitrogen level and WX gene on agronomic characters and starch biosynthesis of wheat, In this study, eight wheat WX Near-isogenic lines with Ningmai 14 as background were used as materials. Different amounts of urea were applied as nitrogen gradient in trifoliate stage, and their growth stage, agronomic characters and related starch synthase activity were measured. Soluble protein content and starch composition and content. The results showed that the effect of WX gene on growth stage was significantly different from that at jointing stage, heading stage and flowering stage. Nitrogen level did not cause significant changes in wheat growth period. 2 the effects of genotype and nitrogen level combination on growth stage were not significant. 2. The effects of genotype on agronomic traits caused by genotype, tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant. The difference of yield and plant height was significant, nitrogen level caused spike number per plant and yield difference reached very significant level. At the same time, the difference of tiller number per plant was significant. 3. The effect of WX gene on starch synthesis was significant. The grain amylose, amylopectin and total starch content of wheat were significantly different at filling time. The combined effects of genotype and nitrogen level only resulted in extremely significant difference in total starch content and significant difference in amylopectin content. The starch synthesis ability of three Wx genes was not consistent, and Wx-B1 had the greatest effect on amylose synthesis. The effect of WX gene on the activity of related starch synthase was significant. The effect of nitrogen level on the activity of starch synthase was not significant, but the effect of nitrogen level on the activity of SSSS-GBSS was not significant, but the effect of WX genotype on the activity of related starch synthase was not significant, but the effect of nitrogen level on the activity of starch synthase was not significant. The effect of WX gene on chlorophyll and sucrose synthase in flag leaves was significant. 5. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in flag leaves were significantly different between genotypes. Nitrogen level caused significant difference in chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll content, and significant difference in sucrose synthase SSI activity caused by genotype. The effect of nitrogen on wheat with different Wx genotypes was studied. To understand the interaction effect between nitrogen application amount and high quality waxy wheat genotypes, to provide theoretical basis for the utilization of WX gene and the enhancement of nitrogen utilization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S512.1

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