本文選題：大麥　切入點(diǎn)：株高近等基因系　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年13期

【摘要】：【目的】研究大麥半矮稈基因uzu與抗旱性的關(guān)系,為大麥抗旱優(yōu)質(zhì)育種提供理論依據(jù)�！痉椒ā恳詢商状篼溨旮呓然蛳�(3T、3D和15T、15D)為試驗(yàn)材料,采用營養(yǎng)液水培方式,以不同濃度的PEG6000模擬干旱脅迫,研究不同脅迫程度:對(duì)照(0)、輕度(5%)、中度(15%)和重度脅迫(25%)對(duì)大麥株高近等基因系幼苗株高、根冠比、根系形態(tài)及葉片滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)的影響。在幼苗長至四葉一心時(shí)取樣,直尺測定株高;采用烘干稱重法獲得根系生物量和地上部生物量,二者比值乘以100%得到根冠比;利用根系掃描儀對(duì)樣根進(jìn)行掃描測量,并用Win RHIZO軟件進(jìn)行單株總根長、根表面積和根體積的分析;可溶性糖含量用硫酸-蒽酮比色法測定;可溶性蛋白含量用考馬斯亮藍(lán)G-250染色法測定;脯氨酸含量用酸性茚三酮顯色法測定�！窘Y(jié)果】隨著PEG6000濃度的增加,大麥幼苗生長受到明顯抑制,株高逐漸降低,而根冠比則呈相反的變化趨勢。就根系形態(tài)而言,隨脅迫程度的增加,兩套近等基因系表現(xiàn)出不同的變化趨勢,在輕度和中度脅迫下3D和15T的變化幅度分別小于3T和15D,在重度脅迫下則表現(xiàn)相反。可溶性糖含量隨脅迫濃度的增加呈先升高后降低再升高的變化趨勢,而可溶性蛋白含量變化趨勢與可溶性糖含量相反;在輕度和中度脅迫下3D和15D的變化幅度分別小于3T和15T,在重度脅迫下也表現(xiàn)相反。但脯氨酸含量隨脅迫濃度升高呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢,且在不同脅迫濃度下均表現(xiàn)為3D和15D變化幅度較小。相關(guān)分析表明:不同脅迫處理下,除可溶性蛋白含量外,株高與其他性狀均存在顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系;根冠比與根系形態(tài)以及根系形態(tài)之間也存在顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系。同時(shí),具有較高可溶性糖含量的品系其脯氨酸含量也較高,而可溶性蛋白含量則較低。此外,根系形態(tài)與葉片滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)之間亦存在一定的相關(guān)性,即總根長和根表面積均與可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。【結(jié)論】在根系形態(tài)及葉片滲透調(diào)節(jié)方面,大麥株高近等基因系對(duì)苗期不同干旱脅迫的響應(yīng)存在差異并相互影響。在輕度和中度脅迫程度下,近等基因系3T和3D中半矮稈基因的存在有利于抵御干旱脅迫。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the relationship between barley semi-dwarf gene uzu and drought resistance, and to provide theoretical basis for barley breeding for drought resistance and quality. Simulated drought stress with different concentrations of PEG6000 was used to study the effects of different stress levels on seedling height and root-shoot ratio of barley plant height and near isogenic line. The effects of root morphology and leaf osmotic regulatory substances on the root biomass and shoot biomass were obtained by measuring the plant height by measuring the plant height at the time of seedling growing to four leaves, and the root / shoot ratio was obtained by multiplying the ratio of root and shoot by 100%. The total root length, root surface area and root volume were analyzed by Win RHIZO software, and the content of soluble sugar was determined by sulfuric acid-anthrone colorimetry. The soluble protein content was determined by Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 staining and proline content by acid ninhydrin chromogenic method. [results] with the increase of PEG6000 concentration, the growth of barley seedlings was significantly inhibited and the plant height decreased. The root / shoot ratio showed a reverse trend. As for root morphology, with the increase of stress degree, two sets of near-isogenic lines showed different trends. The changes of 3D and 15T under mild and moderate stress were less than those of 3T and 15D, respectively, while under severe stress, the content of soluble sugar increased at first and then decreased and then increased with the increase of stress concentration. The change trend of soluble protein content was opposite to that of soluble sugar content. The changes of 3D and 15D under mild and moderate stress were less than 3T and 15T, respectively, but the proline content increased with the increase of stress concentration. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between plant height and other traits except soluble protein content under different stress concentrations. There was also a significant correlation between root / shoot ratio and root morphology, and proline content was higher and soluble protein content was lower in the lines with higher soluble sugar content. There was also a significant correlation between root morphology and leaf osmotic regulatory substances, that is, the total root length and root surface area were negatively correlated with soluble sugar content and proline content. [conclusion] in root morphology and leaf osmotic regulation, there was a significant negative correlation between root morphology and leaf osmotic regulation. The responses of near isogenic lines of barley plant height to drought stress at seedling stage were different and interacted. Under mild and moderate stress, the existence of semi-dwarf genes in near isogenic lines 3T and 3D was beneficial to resist drought stress.
【作者單位】： 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院;河北省作物生長調(diào)控實(shí)驗(yàn)室;河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;
【基金】：河北省自然科學(xué)基金(C2011204016,C2015204066)
【分類號(hào)】：S512.3

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