【摘要】：圓錐滾子軸承具有承載能力強(qiáng)、旋轉(zhuǎn)精度較高、剛性好、可以同時(shí)承受徑向和軸向載荷以等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在機(jī)床、汽車(chē)、鐵路、礦山等大型機(jī)械設(shè)備中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。隨著人們對(duì)機(jī)械設(shè)備使用精度以及使用壽命要求的提高,對(duì)圓錐滾子軸承的綜合性能也提出了更高的要求。而針對(duì)圓錐滾子軸承的凸度設(shè)計(jì)是提高軸承使用性能、增強(qiáng)軸承工作載荷以及延長(zhǎng)軸承使用壽命的一個(gè)有效途徑。但是,由于傳統(tǒng)凸度設(shè)計(jì)是基于額定載荷條件進(jìn)行的,且軸承內(nèi)外滾道與滾子的接觸方式與Hertz接觸理論的假設(shè)條件存在著一定的差別,導(dǎo)致傳統(tǒng)的理論計(jì)算與設(shè)計(jì)工作存在著對(duì)應(yīng)的誤差。因此,考慮軸承所承受載荷的隨機(jī)性,并采用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)手段,對(duì)圓錐滾子軸承的接觸行為進(jìn)行分析,以盡量降低軸承的接觸應(yīng)力值作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)是軸承凸度設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)有效方式。 本文以某公司生產(chǎn)的31313軸承為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)滾子軸承的凸度進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容主要包括如下三個(gè)方面： (1)將圓弧修正母線(xiàn)的凸度量作為影響軸承接觸應(yīng)力值的優(yōu)化參數(shù),考慮其在隨機(jī)載荷作用下對(duì)軸承接觸應(yīng)力的影響,在A(yíng)NSYS的PDS分析模塊中對(duì)凸度量進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。優(yōu)化過(guò)程中,對(duì)該設(shè)計(jì)變量進(jìn)行了多次變換、分析,得到了31313圓錐滾子圓弧修正母線(xiàn)的最優(yōu)凸度量。 (2)在充分考慮軸承載荷隨機(jī)性的基礎(chǔ)上,利用ANSYS的PDS分析模塊,對(duì)對(duì)數(shù)曲線(xiàn)型滾子在徑向載荷下的接觸行為進(jìn)行分析,將對(duì)數(shù)曲線(xiàn)型滾子的接觸情況與圓弧修正型滾子的接觸情況進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 (3)針對(duì)軸承安裝使用過(guò)程中的游隙問(wèn)題,以對(duì)數(shù)曲線(xiàn)凸型31313圓錐滾子軸承為研究對(duì)象,分析了其在隨機(jī)徑向載荷作用下,不同的徑向游隙取值時(shí),軸承的接觸應(yīng)力分布情況,使得軸承的模擬分析結(jié)果更加趨近真實(shí)情況。 上述工作充分考慮了軸承載荷的隨機(jī)性,分析了軸承在不同凸型、不同工況條件下軸承的接觸應(yīng)力分布,給軸承的凸度設(shè)計(jì)提供了更真實(shí)的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Tapered roller bearing is widely used in machine tools, automobiles, railways, mines and other large mechanical equipment because of its strong bearing capacity, high rotation precision and good rigidity. It can bear both radial and axial loads at the same time, and has been widely used in machine tools, automobiles, railways, mines and other large-scale mechanical equipment. With the improvement of service precision and service life of machinery and equipment, the comprehensive performance of tapered roller bearings is required to be higher. The convex design of tapered roller bearing is an effective way to improve bearing performance, enhance bearing working load and prolong bearing service life. However, because the traditional convex design is based on rated load conditions, and the contact mode between inner and outer raceway of bearing and roller is different from the assumption of Hertz contact theory, there is a certain difference between the contact mode of bearing inner and outer raceway and the assumption of contact theory. Leading to the traditional theoretical calculation and design work there are corresponding errors. Therefore, the contact behavior of tapered roller bearing is analyzed by means of computer aided design, considering the randomness of bearing load. It is an effective way of bearing crown design to minimize the contact stress of bearing as the optimization objective. In this paper, 31313 bearings produced by a company are studied, and the convex degree of roller bearings is optimized. The main research contents include the following three aspects: (1) the convex measurement of circular-arc modified busbar is taken as the optimum parameter to influence the contact stress value of bearing, and its influence on bearing contact stress under random load is considered. The convex metric is optimized in the PDS analysis module of ANSYS. In the optimization process, the design variable is transformed many times, and the optimal convex metric of the 31313 cone roller arc modified bus is obtained. (2) on the basis of considering the randomness of bearing load, the contact behavior of logarithmic curved roller under radial load is analyzed by PDS analysis module of ANSYS. The contact condition of logarithmic curved roller is compared with that of arc modified roller. (3) aiming at the clearance problem in the process of bearing installation, the logarithmic curve convex 31313 tapered roller bearing is taken as the research object, and the different radial clearance values under random radial load are analyzed. The contact stress distribution of the bearing makes the simulation and analysis of the bearing approach to the real situation. In the above work, the randomness of bearing load is fully considered, and the contact stress distribution of bearing under different convex types and different working conditions is analyzed, which provides a more realistic theoretical basis for the design of bearing crown.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH133.3

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