【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)尤其是航天航空領(lǐng)域技術(shù)的發(fā)展,對電液激振器激振頻率、輸出推力和可控性等都提高了更高的要求。電液激振器性能的好壞,技術(shù)水平的高低直接影響到工業(yè)工程領(lǐng)域技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。 為了進(jìn)一步提高2D閥控電液激振器的性能,本文對其關(guān)鍵元件—2D高頻激振閥及其控制方式進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計,解決了原2D閥存在的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、可控性差、激振頻率仍有限以及零位難以調(diào)整等問題。理論以及實驗研究表明:新型2D高頻激振閥的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,控制精度高,激振頻率可達(dá)3000HZ以上。論文的主要研究工作和成果如下: 1.對2D高頻激振閥的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了較大的改進(jìn),降低了加工和安裝難度;將2D高頻激振閥閥芯溝槽以及相應(yīng)的閥套窗口開設(shè)為16個,增加了閥芯旋轉(zhuǎn)一周時的溝通次數(shù)以提高激振頻率;采用混合式直線步進(jìn)電機(jī)直接連接堵頭代替偏心輪機(jī)構(gòu)控制2D閥閥芯的軸向開口大小,進(jìn)而控制激振器振動幅值,采用交流伺服電機(jī)以及高速齒輪箱傳動機(jī)構(gòu)代替液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動2D閥閥芯的旋轉(zhuǎn)運動,進(jìn)而控制激振器的激振頻率,激振系統(tǒng)的可控性和控制精度都得到了提升;在混合式直線步進(jìn)電機(jī)支架上設(shè)計了調(diào)零螺釘和鎖緊螺母,解決了原2D閥零位難以調(diào)整的問題。 2.在分析2D閥控高頻電液激振器工作原理的基礎(chǔ)上,通過四通滑閥的閥口流量方程、液壓缸流量連續(xù)性方程以及液壓缸與負(fù)載的力平衡方程對激振系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)動力學(xué)建模,然后求解該系統(tǒng)的傳遞函數(shù)。 3.對2D高頻閥的理想流量特性和工作流量特性進(jìn)行解析求解與仿真分析。重點研究了激振系統(tǒng)在隨閥口面積三角變化的情況下活塞位移和臨界閥芯開口的解析求解和仿真,并對不同閥芯開口下“飽和”與“非飽和”波形進(jìn)行頻譜分析和失真度分析。 4.在Matlab平臺上應(yīng)用四階龍格-庫塔法編制仿真程序求解2D閥控高頻電液激振器中液壓缸活塞位移,負(fù)載壓力等各項相關(guān)參數(shù),對激振系統(tǒng)高頻段波形進(jìn)行仿真分析。 5.搭建實驗平臺和測試系統(tǒng),采集2D閥控高頻電液激振系統(tǒng)的實際激振力波形和液壓缸兩腔壓力波形,并對其進(jìn)行分析、比較及研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern industry, especially in the field of aerospace and aeronautics, the exciting frequency, output thrust and controllability of electro-hydraulic exciters have been increased. The performance of electro-hydraulic exciter and the level of technology directly affect the progress and development of technology in industrial engineering field. In order to further improve the performance of 2D valve-controlled electro-hydraulic exciter, this paper optimizes the design of its key component, the high-frequency exciting valve and its control mode, which solves the complex structure and poor controllability of the original 2D valve. The exciting frequency is still limited and the zero position is difficult to adjust. The theoretical and experimental results show that the new 2D high frequency vibration valve has the advantages of simple structure, high control precision and high excitation frequency above 3000HZ. The main research work and results are as follows: 1. The structure of 2D high frequency vibration valve is improved greatly, and the difficulty of machining and installation is reduced. The 2D high frequency exciting valve core groove and the corresponding valve sleeve window were opened to 16, which increased the number of times of communication when the valve core rotated one week in order to increase the exciting frequency. The axial opening size of 2D valve core is controlled by using hybrid linear stepper motor instead of eccentric wheel mechanism, and the vibration amplitude of vibration exciter is controlled. Ac servo motor and high speed gearbox drive mechanism are used to replace the rotary movement of 2D valve core driven by hydraulic motor, and then the exciting frequency of the exciter is controlled, and the controllability and control precision of the excitation system are improved. The zero adjusting screw and locking nut are designed on the support of hybrid linear stepper motor to solve the problem that the zero position of original 2D valve is difficult to adjust. 2. On the basis of analyzing the working principle of 2D valve-controlled high-frequency electro-hydraulic exciter, the mathematical and dynamic modeling of the exciting system is carried out through the valve flow equation of four-way slide valve, the flow continuity equation of hydraulic cylinder and the force balance equation between hydraulic cylinder and load. Then the transfer function of the system is solved. 3. The ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of 2D high frequency valve are analytically solved and simulated. In this paper, the analytical solution and simulation of piston displacement and critical core opening with the change of valve area triangle are studied. The spectrum analysis and distortion analysis of "saturated" and "unsaturated" waveforms under different spool openings are carried out. 4. Based on the Matlab platform, the fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to program a simulation program to solve the piston displacement and load pressure of hydraulic cylinder in 2D valve-controlled high frequency electro-hydraulic exciter. The waveform of high frequency band of excitation system is simulated and analyzed. 5. The experimental platform and test system are built to collect the actual excitation force waveform of 2D valve-controlled high-frequency electro-hydraulic excitation system and the two-chamber pressure waveform of hydraulic cylinder, and to analyze, compare and study it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH134

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