【摘要】：離心壓縮機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于石油石化、水利水電、化工冶金等流程工業(yè),離心壓縮機(jī)的安全運(yùn)行對(duì)企業(yè)穩(wěn)定、安全生產(chǎn)至關(guān)重要。離心壓縮機(jī)故障受到人們廣泛關(guān)注和研究,離心壓縮機(jī)推力軸承故障是限制壓縮機(jī)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的重要原因。典型的推力軸承故障是推力軸承由于軸向載荷過(guò)大,產(chǎn)生較大軸向位移,油膜破裂發(fā)生燒瓦,軸承破壞,壓縮機(jī)被迫停機(jī)。基于以上原因,本文利用CFX-ANSYS流固耦合軟件對(duì)離心壓縮機(jī)推力軸承的故障機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,主要研究推力軸承的性能參數(shù)如：推力軸承的潤(rùn)滑油膜壓力、潤(rùn)滑油膜溫度及推力軸承的承載力與軸位移的關(guān)系。 首先,本文建立了離心壓縮機(jī)推力軸承的數(shù)學(xué)模型,其中包括其潤(rùn)滑油膜的雷諾方程、粘溫方程、能量方程及膜厚方程等,了解了推力軸承的潤(rùn)滑機(jī)理。對(duì)所提出的數(shù)學(xué)模型列舉了計(jì)算方法,最終本文選用流固耦合軟件CFX-ANSYS的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析。 其次,本文采用流固耦合的方法計(jì)算離心壓縮機(jī)推力軸承在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下、不同油膜厚度下的性能參數(shù),其中包括潤(rùn)滑油膜作用于軸承的的壓力分布、潤(rùn)滑油膜的溫度分布、推力瓦塊的變形情況以及推力軸承的軸向承載能力和軸位移之間的關(guān)系。 然后,利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有的透平壓縮機(jī)進(jìn)行了推力軸承的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,積極研究實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)理,然后搭建離心壓縮機(jī)推力軸承試驗(yàn)臺(tái),詳細(xì)制定實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了不同載荷工況下的推力軸承軸向載荷與軸向位移之間的關(guān)系。 最后,基于原有實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)了多功能新型透平壓縮機(jī)調(diào)控實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。在設(shè)計(jì)新型試驗(yàn)臺(tái)時(shí),引入了電磁軸承、改進(jìn)了注油腔室并對(duì)壓縮機(jī)葉輪葉片進(jìn)行了高效設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:Centrifugal compressor is widely used in petrochemical, water conservancy and hydropower, chemical metallurgy and other process industries. The safe operation of centrifugal compressor is very important to the stability and safety of production. The fault of centrifugal compressor is widely concerned and studied. The fault of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is an important reason to restrict the compressor running for a long time. The typical fault of thrust bearing is that the axial displacement of thrust bearing is too large, the oil film is broken, the bearing is destroyed, and the compressor is forced to stop. Based on the above reasons, the fault mechanism of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is studied by using CFX-ANSYS fluid-solid coupling software. The performance parameters of thrust bearing such as lubricating oil film pressure of thrust bearing are studied. The relationship between bearing capacity and axial displacement of lubricating oil film temperature and thrust bearing. Firstly, the mathematical model of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is established, which includes Reynolds equation, viscous temperature equation, energy equation and film thickness equation of lubricating oil film, and the lubrication mechanism of thrust bearing is understood. Finally, the numerical simulation method of fluid-solid coupling software CFX-ANSYS is used to analyze the proposed mathematical model. Secondly, the performance parameters of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor under different rotational speeds and different oil film thickness are calculated by using fluid-solid coupling method, including the pressure distribution of lubricating oil film acting on bearing and the temperature distribution of lubricating oil film. The deformation of thrust tile and the relationship between axial bearing capacity and axial displacement of thrust bearing. Then, the thrust bearing is studied by using the existing turbine compressor in laboratory. In the process of experiment, the experimental mechanism is studied actively, and then the centrifugal compressor thrust bearing test bench is built, and the experimental steps are worked out in detail. The relationship between axial load and axial displacement of thrust bearing under different load conditions is studied experimentally. Finally, a multi-function new turbine compressor control test bench is designed based on the original experimental platform. In the design of the new test bed, the active magnetic bearing is introduced, the oil chamber is improved and the impeller blade of the compressor is designed efficiently.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH452

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本文編號(hào)：2387928