發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-29 08:02

【摘要】：和機(jī)械往復(fù)泵相比,液壓往復(fù)泵存在著諸多的優(yōu)勢(shì),故針對(duì)液壓往復(fù)泵的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)成為當(dāng)前很有價(jià)值的研究課題之一。本文首先回顧了液壓往復(fù)泵的發(fā)展歷程和研究現(xiàn)狀,明確了液壓往復(fù)泵的研究過(guò)程中存在的幾個(gè)亟待解決的問(wèn)題,即換向沖擊與總泵流量和壓力穩(wěn)定等問(wèn)題。因此,設(shè)計(jì)出一種新型的轉(zhuǎn)閥來(lái)控制該系統(tǒng),并使得上述問(wèn)題得到圓滿(mǎn)解決。 本文采用理論、設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)學(xué)分析和計(jì)算機(jī)仿真相結(jié)合的研究方法,即在深入研究轉(zhuǎn)閥的工作原理和特性的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)出能夠使流量呈線性變化的轉(zhuǎn)閥,通過(guò)計(jì)算然后建立起基于轉(zhuǎn)閥控制、雙液壓站供油的液壓三缸往復(fù)泵系統(tǒng)模型及仿真模型。通過(guò)論證,該轉(zhuǎn)閥能夠完全滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求。 具體內(nèi)容包括；(1)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)閥的結(jié)構(gòu)和原理進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析,從理論上得出轉(zhuǎn)閥能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)液壓往復(fù)泵的活塞(或柱塞)按照轉(zhuǎn)閥設(shè)定的相位差交替地做往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)排出和吸入過(guò)程。(2)通過(guò)理論分析與計(jì)算,得出閥芯孔與閥套孔在圓周開(kāi)度上的關(guān)系；得出活塞能夠抵達(dá)前后死點(diǎn),閥芯孔與閥套孔應(yīng)該具有的理論最大過(guò)流面積關(guān)系式；并且分析得出閥套與閥芯孔口與流量疊加的穩(wěn)定性關(guān)系以及與液壓缸活塞連續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)系。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)基于轉(zhuǎn)閥控制的液壓三缸往復(fù)泵的泵閥的理論研究,明確得出通過(guò)泵閥的流量和通過(guò)液力端活塞排出或吸入的瞬時(shí)流量的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,為建立泵閥的仿真模型奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。(4)通過(guò)對(duì)關(guān)鍵元件的計(jì)算以及對(duì)AMESim仿真平臺(tái)的深入研究,建立起基于雙液壓站供油、轉(zhuǎn)閥控制的液壓三缸往復(fù)泵系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立四缸和六缸的轉(zhuǎn)閥控制的仿真模型。該系列仿真模型的建立,為基于AMESim的液壓往復(fù)泵的研究積累了經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(5)針對(duì)不同數(shù)目的缸,進(jìn)行仿真結(jié)果的對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了轉(zhuǎn)閥在解決液壓往復(fù)系統(tǒng)中所存在的換向沖擊和流量壓力波動(dòng)等問(wèn)題的可行性。這和理論分析結(jié)果是一致的,從而也反過(guò)來(lái)證明所建立的模型和仿真結(jié)果也是真實(shí)可靠的。相應(yīng)于預(yù)先選定的液壓缸和設(shè)定的活塞行程,反復(fù)調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)閥的過(guò)流面積與液壓站的壓力,最終可以得到比較理想的總泵疊加流量曲線和壓力曲線,繼而可以確定該液壓缸對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳轉(zhuǎn)閥閥口。通過(guò)這種方法,可以為轉(zhuǎn)閥的制造提供參考依據(jù)。通過(guò)將液壓缸活塞的初始位置擺放在任意位置進(jìn)行仿真,來(lái)驗(yàn)證轉(zhuǎn)閥相位的自適應(yīng)能力。
[Abstract]:Compared with mechanical reciprocating pump, hydraulic reciprocating pump has many advantages, so the research and development of hydraulic reciprocating pump has become one of the most valuable research topics. In this paper, the development history and research status of hydraulic reciprocating pump are reviewed at first, and several problems that need to be solved in the research process of hydraulic reciprocating pump, such as commutative impact, flow rate and pressure stability of total pump, are clarified. Therefore, a new type of rotary valve is designed to control the system, and the above problems are solved satisfactorily. This paper adopts the research method of combining theory, design, mathematical analysis and computer simulation, that is, on the basis of deeply studying the working principle and characteristics of the rotary valve, the rotary valve which can make the flow rate change linearly is designed. The model and simulation model of hydraulic three cylinder reciprocating pump system based on rotary valve control and double hydraulic station oil supply are established by calculation. Through demonstration, the valve can completely meet the design requirements. Specific content includes; The main contents are as follows: (1) the structure and principle of the rotary valve are systematically analyzed, and it is theoretically concluded that the piston (or plunger) of the hydraulic reciprocating pump can reciprocate alternately according to the phase difference set by the rotary valve. Through theoretical analysis and calculation, the relationship between valve core hole and valve sleeve hole in circumferential opening is obtained. It is obtained that the piston can reach the dead point before and after, and the relationship between the valve core hole and the valve sleeve hole should have the theoretical maximum overcurrent area; The relationship between the stability of valve sleeve and valve core orifice and flow rate superposition and the continuous motion of hydraulic cylinder piston are obtained. (3) through the theoretical research on the pump valve of hydraulic three-cylinder reciprocating pump based on rotary valve control, The corresponding relationship between the flow rate through the pump valve and the instantaneous flow rate discharged or inhaled through the hydraulic end piston is clearly obtained. It lays a theoretical foundation for establishing the simulation model of the pump valve. (4) through the calculation of the key components and the in-depth study of the AMESim simulation platform, the simulation model of the hydraulic three-cylinder reciprocating pump system based on the dual hydraulic station oil supply and the control of the rotary valve is established. On this basis, the simulation model of four-cylinder and six-cylinder rotary valve control is established. The establishment of this series of simulation models has accumulated experience for the research of hydraulic reciprocating pump based on AMESim. (5) comparing and analyzing the simulation results for different number of cylinders. The feasibility of the rotary valve in solving the problems of reversing impact and flow and pressure fluctuation in hydraulic reciprocating system is verified. This is consistent with the theoretical analysis, which in turn proves that the established model and simulation results are also true and reliable. According to the pre-selected hydraulic cylinder and the set piston stroke, the overflow area of the rotary valve and the pressure of the hydraulic station can be adjusted repeatedly. Finally, the ideal total pump superposition flow curve and pressure curve can be obtained. Then the optimal valve opening of the hydraulic cylinder can be determined. This method can provide reference for the manufacture of rotary valve. The initial position of the cylinder piston is simulated in any position to verify the adaptive capability of the phase of the rotary valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH137.5

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