本文選題：水壓 + 射流管伺服閥��； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：水壓伺服控制技術(shù)作為機(jī)電液一體化高度融合發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代液壓技術(shù)，已成為當(dāng)前國際流體傳動與控制領(lǐng)域內(nèi)一個重要的研究方向。水壓電液伺服閥是水壓伺服系統(tǒng)的核心控制元件，具有體積小、重量輕、響應(yīng)速度快、控制精度高等突出優(yōu)點。針對噴嘴擋板式電液伺服閥使用中存在的性能缺陷，基于射流管式伺服閥的優(yōu)勢及水壓傳動技術(shù)的特點，并結(jié)合超磁致伸縮自傳感驅(qū)動技術(shù)，開展了自傳感驅(qū)動水壓射流管式伺服閥的工作機(jī)理、設(shè)計理論與方法及靜動態(tài)性能仿真實驗研究。 在水壓射流管伺服閥中，前置級射流放大器與接收器的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸直接影響伺服閥的整體性能，利用FLUENT軟件，采用有限體積法，通過數(shù)值模擬與實驗分析方法，系統(tǒng)研究噴嘴與接收器的垂直間隙、噴嘴孔直徑、接收孔直徑等結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及噴嘴偏移等性能參數(shù)對接收器內(nèi)流場的影響規(guī)律，得出優(yōu)化尺寸組合，建立了射流放大器射流噴嘴偏移與接收器兩接收孔內(nèi)壓力比之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系，揭示了射流管放大器的能量轉(zhuǎn)換與分配機(jī)理。 高速水流在流經(jīng)射流管噴嘴時，極易在噴嘴及其下游產(chǎn)生空化現(xiàn)象；同時由于射流剪切層的存在以及射流噴嘴與接收器的間距狹小，水壓射流管伺服閥易產(chǎn)生高頻空化自激振蕩，嚴(yán)重影響伺服閥的性能與使用。利用計算流體力學(xué)（CFD）軟件，對射流管放大器內(nèi)部空化流場特性進(jìn)行仿真，系統(tǒng)研究了前置級射流管結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、壓力與溫度等操作參數(shù)對空化產(chǎn)生的影響規(guī)律，提出了抑制空化自激振蕩產(chǎn)生的控制方法。 以功率級滑閥閥芯為驅(qū)動對象，以閥芯位移為檢測參量，建立了驅(qū)動器、射流管放大器、彈簧管組件、功率級滑閥以及反饋桿等伺服閥各環(huán)節(jié)的傳遞函數(shù)和方框圖，系統(tǒng)分析和研究了驅(qū)動器輸入電流/電壓與閥芯位移之間的關(guān)系以及電-磁-機(jī)-液各環(huán)節(jié)之間的雙向傳遞規(guī)律，最終建立了反映伺服閥整機(jī)控制特性的驅(qū)動控制信號（電壓/電流）與傳感檢測信號（閥芯位移）的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 借鑒現(xiàn)有油壓電液伺服閥特性指標(biāo)體系，建立水壓射流管式電液伺服閥特性指標(biāo)體系，，并運(yùn)用AMESim軟件對自傳感驅(qū)動器及伺服閥整機(jī)進(jìn)行了性能仿真研究及參數(shù)敏感性分析，主要研究了水壓射流管式電液伺服閥特性變化趨勢，以及閥芯閥套間隙、滑閥口遮蓋量、閥芯質(zhì)量等參數(shù)變化對伺服閥特性的影響。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic servo control technology, as a modern hydraulic technology with high integration of electromechanical and hydraulic, has become an important research direction in the field of fluid transmission and control in the world. Hydraulic electro-hydraulic servo valve is the core control element of hydraulic servo system, which has the advantages of small volume, light weight, fast response speed and high control precision. In view of the performance defects in the use of nozzle baffle electro-hydraulic servo valve, based on the advantages of jet tube servo valve and the characteristics of hydraulic transmission technology, combined with giant magnetostrictive self-sensing drive technology, The working mechanism, design theory and method of self-sensing driven water jet pipe servo valve and the simulation experiment of static and dynamic performance are studied. In the hydraulic jet tube servo valve, the structure size of the front stage jet amplifier and receiver directly affects the whole performance of the servo valve. By using FLUENT software and finite volume method, the numerical simulation and experimental analysis method are adopted. The effects of the vertical gap between the nozzle and the receiver, the diameter of the nozzle hole, the diameter of the receiving hole, and the nozzle deviation on the flow field in the receiver are systematically studied, and the optimal size combination is obtained. The mathematical relationship between jet nozzle offset and the pressure ratio in the receiver is established, and the energy transfer and distribution mechanism of the jet tube amplifier is revealed. When high speed water flows through the nozzle of the jet tube, it is easy to produce cavitation in the nozzle and its downstream, and because of the existence of the jet shear layer and the narrow distance between the jet nozzle and the receiver, High frequency cavitation self-excited oscillation is easy to be produced by water jet pipe servo valve, which seriously affects the performance and application of servo valve. By using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, the cavitation flow field characteristics in the fluidic tube amplifier are simulated. The influence of the structure parameters, pressure and temperature of the front stage jet tube on cavitation is systematically studied. A control method to suppress cavitation self-excited oscillation is proposed. The transmission function and block diagram of servo valve, such as driver, jet tube amplifier, spring tube assembly, power stage slide valve and feedback rod, are established by taking the valve core of power level slide valve as driving object and the displacement of valve core as testing parameter. The relationship between the input current / voltage of the driver and the displacement of the valve core and the two-way transfer between the electro-magneto-machine-liquid segments are systematically analyzed and studied. Finally, the mathematical models of driving control signal (voltage / current) and sensing detection signal (spool displacement) which reflect the control characteristics of servo valve are established. Based on the existing hydraulic electro-hydraulic servo valve characteristic index system, the characteristic index system of hydraulic jet tube electro-hydraulic servo valve is established, and the performance simulation research and parameter sensitivity analysis of self-sensing driver and servo valve whole machine are carried out by using AMESim software. The variation trend of hydraulic jet tube electro-hydraulic servo valve and the influence of valve core clearance, sliding valve cover, valve core quality and other parameters on servo valve characteristics are studied in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH137

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