基于虛擬樣機的液壓全驅(qū)多指手的設計與仿真研究
本文關鍵詞: 多指手 液壓驅(qū)動 電液比例控制 仿真 出處:《安徽工業(yè)大學》2011年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:多指靈巧手作為工業(yè)機器人與外界進行作用的最后執(zhí)行元件,其抓取和操作的研究已經(jīng)成為當今機器人領域中一個重要的研究主題。目前由于驅(qū)動方式和動力裝置的限制,造成多指手的端面負載能力有限,只能抓起很小、很輕的物體,多指手的應用還停留在實驗室研究開發(fā)階段;因此,選擇合適的驅(qū)動方式對多指手的工業(yè)實用性能和操作可行性具有決定性意義。 為了解決手指在體積、負載、驅(qū)動和控制之間的矛盾,本課題以機器人多指手為研究對象,在對國內(nèi)外多指手研究現(xiàn)狀分析基礎上,從機構(gòu)學入手,采用串聯(lián)四連桿機構(gòu)的設計方案,通過液壓全驅(qū)動進行控制。通過對其關鍵技術的研究,,旨在解決多指手體積與負載能力之間的矛盾,并對為提供穩(wěn)定精準抓取而采取的控制方案進行探究。 論文首先在對驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)對比分析以及傳動方式研究基礎上,將基于連桿的可變四邊形機構(gòu)和液壓驅(qū)動器集成在手指上,提出了基于液壓全驅(qū)動的多指手設計方案與機械結(jié)構(gòu)模型;然后對多指手單指機構(gòu)進行了運動學建模分析,推導出手指關節(jié)角與液壓缸行程的運動學關系,并利用MATLAB計算出指端包絡空間。 其次,根據(jù)抓取操作的特點設計了手指機構(gòu)的液壓驅(qū)動系統(tǒng),詳細闡述了多指手抓取過程中的液壓原理,并根據(jù)設計要求選擇了相應的液壓元器件。為簡化分析,根據(jù)抓取控制策略將手指機構(gòu)整體液壓系統(tǒng)劃分基于位置控制與力控制的兩個簡化子系統(tǒng),建立了相應的數(shù)學模型;在獲得液壓參數(shù)基礎上,對各子系統(tǒng)的液壓動態(tài)特性進行了仿真分析。為改善手指機構(gòu)液壓系統(tǒng)控制性能,引入PID控制器進行校正調(diào)節(jié)。 最后,利用虛擬樣機仿真技術在動力學仿真軟件ADAMS中搭建了多種手的仿真機械模型并進行了抓取仿真試驗。通過仿真驗證理論設計計算的正確性,并由分析結(jié)果探討了基于液壓全驅(qū)動的多指手研制的可行性與有效性。 以上研究內(nèi)容不僅對機器人多指手的理論研究具有一定的指導作用,同時還為未來多指手的樣機開發(fā)和工業(yè)應用奠定基礎。
[Abstract]:Multi - fingered dexterous hand , as the last executing element of industrial robot and external force , has become an important research topic in the field of robot . Due to the driving mode and the limitation of the power device , the end surface loading capacity of the multi - fingered hand is limited , only a small and light object can be picked up , and the application of the multi - fingered hand is still in the research and development stage of the laboratory ; therefore , the selection of a suitable driving mode can be decisive for the industrial practicability and the operation feasibility of the multi - fingered hand . In order to solve the contradiction between the volume , the load , the driving and the control of the finger , this topic is based on the analysis of the present situation of multi - fingered hand . Based on the analysis of the present situation of multi - fingered hand at home and abroad , the design of four - bar linkage mechanism is adopted to control . Through the research of the key technology , the paper aims to solve the contradiction between the volume of the multi - fingered hand and the load capacity , and to explore the control scheme adopted to provide stable precise grasping . Firstly , on the basis of comparative analysis and transmission mode of the drive system , the variable quadrilateral mechanism and the hydraulic driver based on the connecting rod are integrated on the finger , and a multi - fingered hand design scheme and a mechanical structure model based on the hydraulic full drive are put forward ; the kinematic model analysis is carried out on the multi - fingered hand single finger mechanism , and the kinematic relation between the hand knuckle angle and the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is deduced , and the finger end envelope space is calculated by MATLAB . Secondly , according to the characteristic of grabbing operation , the hydraulic drive system of finger mechanism is designed , and the hydraulic principle in the grasping process of multi - fingered hand is explained in detail . According to the design requirement , the corresponding hydraulic components are selected . Finally , the simulation mechanical model of various hand is built in ADAMS of dynamic simulation software by using virtual prototype simulation technology , and the simulation test is carried out . The correctness of calculation is verified by simulation , and the feasibility and effectiveness of multi - fingered hand development based on hydraulic full drive are discussed . The above research not only has a certain guiding role for the theoretical research of robot multi - fingered hand , but also lays a foundation for the development of prototype and industrial application of multi - fingered hand in the future .
【學位授予單位】:安徽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2011
【分類號】:TP242.2;TH137
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