本文關鍵詞： 電動叉車 再生制動 超級電容器 雙向DC/DC變換器 PI調(diào)節(jié)　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：電動叉車由于其能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率高、無污染、低噪聲、振動小等優(yōu)點，普及率越來越高。但是，由于受現(xiàn)有蓄電池技術及容量的限制，電動叉車一次充電的工作時間受到很大的限制，且叉車工作過程中需要進行頻繁的起步和制動，對電動叉車進行再生制動能量回收利用是延長其工作時間的一大途徑。 本文根據(jù)超級電容器具有比功率高、比能量大、充放電時間短、壽命長等特性，將超級電容器用于電動叉車制動能量回收系統(tǒng)中。該系統(tǒng)能夠在電動叉車減速、制動或下坡時把驅(qū)動電機產(chǎn)生的再生制動能量充入超級電容，實現(xiàn)制動能量的有效回收，延長叉車作業(yè)時間；當超級電容能量充滿時，多余再生制動能量向蓄電池組充電；當電動叉車起步或加速時，超級電容能提供負載所需的短時大功率能量，避免蓄電池大電流放電，延長蓄電池使用壽命。 文中先對超級電容器應用于電動叉車再生制動能量回收控制器的總體方案進行研究，包括：確定超級電容應用的拓撲結(jié)構，雙向DC/DC變換器選型，并根據(jù)電動叉車工作特性，進行控制系統(tǒng)的總體結(jié)構設計和控制策略的研究；接著進行各模塊硬件電路設計和軟件設計；最后把設計完成的控制器及超級電容器安裝到開普KEF25電動叉車上進行試驗調(diào)試，并對試驗結(jié)果進行分析驗證。通過試驗表明，該系統(tǒng)能夠在電動叉車制動時及時、有效的回收再生制動能量，叉車起步、加速時可以平滑蓄電池的大電流輸出，，起到較好的電流削峰的作用。
[Abstract]:Because of its high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution, low noise, low vibration and other advantages, the popularity of electric forklift truck is becoming higher and higher. However, due to the existing battery technology and capacity constraints. The working time of single charge of electric forklift is limited greatly, and it needs frequent starting and braking in the working process of forklift. The regenerative braking energy recovery of electric forklift truck is an important way to prolong its working time. According to the characteristics of supercapacitor, such as high specific power, high specific energy, short charge and discharge time and long life, etc. The super capacitor is used in the braking energy recovery system of the electric forklift truck. The system can charge the regenerative braking energy generated by the driving motor into the super capacitor when the electric forklift is decelerating, braking or downhill. Realize the effective recovery of braking energy and prolong the working time of forklift truck; When the supercapacitor energy is full, the excess regenerative braking energy is charged to the battery group. When the electric forklift starts or accelerates, the super capacitor can provide the short time high power energy needed by the load, avoid the high current discharge of the battery, and prolong the service life of the battery. In this paper, the overall scheme of the super capacitor used in regenerative braking energy recovery controller of electric forklift truck is studied, including: determining the topology of super capacitor application and selecting the bidirectional DC/DC converter. According to the working characteristics of the electric forklift, the overall structure design and control strategy of the control system are studied. Then the hardware circuit design and software design of each module are carried out. Finally, the designed controller and supercapacitor are installed on the Cape KEF25 electric forklift to test and debug, and the test results are analyzed and verified. The system can recover the regenerative braking energy effectively when braking the electric forklift truck, and can smooth the output of the high current of the battery during acceleration, and play a better role in cutting the peak current of the electric forklift truck.
【學位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH242

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