本文關(guān)鍵詞：RBI在橋式起重機(jī)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用研究與軟件開發(fā)　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 橋式起重機(jī) RBI 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 失效概率 可靠性

【摘要】：橋式起重機(jī)作為一種特種設(shè)備,在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。近年來,橋式起重機(jī)事故時(shí)有發(fā)生,造成重大人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。合理的檢測是降低起重機(jī)失效風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最有效的方法之一。傳統(tǒng)的橋式起重機(jī)檢測采用定期視情的檢測方法,該方法相對滯后,已經(jīng)不能滿足現(xiàn)代橋式起重機(jī)的檢測需要。目前石油化工行業(yè)采用一種新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估方法—RBI技術(shù),該技術(shù)能夠?qū)υ谝墼O(shè)備做全面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估,避免過度檢測和檢測不足等現(xiàn)象。本文通過對RBI技術(shù)的研究,將其應(yīng)用到橋式起重機(jī)中,為在役橋式起重機(jī)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估提供一種新的思路。 本文總結(jié)了橋式起重機(jī)常見失效形式,為這些失效形式設(shè)計(jì)了樣本采集表以收集失效數(shù)據(jù),并通過數(shù)值分析方法對現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,建立FMEA數(shù)據(jù)庫,為后續(xù)RBI技術(shù)的定性、定量評估提供基礎(chǔ)。 橋式起重機(jī)零部件繁多,不可能也不必要對其一一進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的RBI評估,本文采用RBI定性分析方法對橋式起重機(jī)的所有零部件進(jìn)行分析,給出了定性評估原則和方法,并利用Access和VB編制了橋式起重機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫管理與定性分析軟件,以提高定性評估的效率。定性評估得到的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)零部件將進(jìn)行定量評估。 在橋式起重機(jī)定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估過程中,本文采用層次分析法和多層次灰色綜合評價(jià)方法計(jì)算失效概率的修正系數(shù),對所建立失效概率模型進(jìn)行修正。同時(shí),結(jié)合橋式起重機(jī)失效特點(diǎn),定量地給出失效后果的計(jì)算方法,然后根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的二維性來計(jì)算風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級,最后編制橋式起重機(jī)定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估軟件。 RBI技術(shù)在橋式起重機(jī)安全評估中的應(yīng)用是橋式起重機(jī)檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展的一種新思路,為起重機(jī)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估提供一種新方法,對起重機(jī)械事故預(yù)防和安全性設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane as a kind of special equipment, plays an important role in the development of national economy. In recent years, the bridge crane accidents have occurred, causing heavy casualties and property losses. Reasonable detection is one of the most effective methods to reduce the risk of failure of crane bridge crane. The detection of traditional detection method using the regular condition, the the method is relatively backward, has been unable to meet the needs of modern detection of bridge crane. The current petrochemical industry with a new risk assessment method of RBI technology, the technology to do a comprehensive risk assessment of in-service equipment, avoid the phenomenon of excessive detection and detection of defects. Based on the research of the RBI technology, its application to bridge crane, which provides a new method for risk assessment of in-service bridge crane.
This paper summarizes the common failure forms of bridge cranes, designs a sample collection table for those failure forms to collect failure data, and processes the existing data by numerical analysis method, and establishes FMEA database, which provides a basis for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of subsequent RBI technology.
Bridge crane parts are not possible nor necessary on the assessment of RBI in detail, this paper adopts the qualitative analysis method of RBI all parts of the bridge crane analysis, presents the principles and methods of qualitative assessment, and the preparation of the bridge crane management and qualitative machine database analysis software using Access and VB, in order to improve the efficiency of qualitative evaluation of the qualitative evaluation. High risk parts will be evaluated quantitatively.
In the bridge crane quantitative risk assessment process, the correction coefficient by AHP and multi-level grey comprehensive evaluation method to calculate the probability of failure, based on failure probability model was modified. At the same time, combined with the bridge crane failure characteristics, calculation method of quantitatively failure consequence, then according to the two-dimensional risk to calculate the risk grade, final preparation of bridge crane quantitative risk assessment software.
The application of RBI technology in bridge crane safety assessment is a new idea for the development of bridge crane detection technology. It provides a new method for crane risk assessment, and provides a reference for crane accident prevention and safety design.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH215

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