本文關(guān)鍵詞：徑向葉片式超小型泵內(nèi)部流動(dòng)分析及設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超小型泵 徑向葉片 PIV實(shí)驗(yàn) 數(shù)值模擬

【摘要】：隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展與技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，超小型泵在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文對(duì)具有徑向葉片式開式葉輪的超小型泵進(jìn)行了研究，為未來超小型泵的應(yīng)用拓展奠定基礎(chǔ)。 本文通過性能試驗(yàn)、PIV試驗(yàn)及數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法考察了徑向葉片和彎曲葉片葉輪的超小型泵外特性和內(nèi)部流動(dòng)情況，得到如下結(jié)論：1）通過對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)軸面流道相同的徑向葉片式超小型泵的揚(yáng)程高于彎曲葉片式超小型泵，而效率略低于彎曲葉片式超小型泵；在大流量工況時(shí)，徑向葉片式超小型泵表現(xiàn)出比彎曲葉片式超小型泵更好的能量特性。因此，從總體的水力特性看，徑向葉片式超小型泵具有不遜于彎曲葉片超小型泵的水力性能，并且能在較大范圍內(nèi)保持較高的水力效率。2）彎曲葉片式超小型泵的壓力從進(jìn)口到出口均勻增加，但徑向葉片式超小型泵的壓力在流道中段壓力增加較小，但在葉片后半段壓力迅速增加。從葉片壓力面與吸力面的壓力差來看，彎曲葉片沿葉片長(zhǎng)度方向上壓力差變化不大，但徑向葉片式超小型泵在葉片進(jìn)口和出口處的壓力差較大，而在葉片中段壓力差較小。3）PIV實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值計(jì)算的結(jié)果均表明徑向葉片式超小型泵葉輪內(nèi)流動(dòng)具有較強(qiáng)的非均勻性，在葉片出口附近產(chǎn)生了漩渦、回流等現(xiàn)象。雖然徑向葉片式超小型泵的流動(dòng)均勻性不如彎曲葉片式超小型泵，但泵流道內(nèi)的湍動(dòng)能較大，有利于提高葉輪的做功能力。4）實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值計(jì)算均表明吸入管和蝸殼的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)超小型泵的水力性能和內(nèi)部流動(dòng)有明顯的影響。 本文通過數(shù)值模擬的方法，研究了葉尖間隙、葉輪軸面流道形狀、長(zhǎng)短葉片等因素對(duì)徑向葉片式超小型泵水力性能的影響。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明，徑向葉片式超小型泵的水力性能受葉尖間隙的影響主要表現(xiàn)在揚(yáng)程系數(shù)略有下降、出口速度分布發(fā)生一定變化，等；過流面積單調(diào)增加的葉輪在最優(yōu)工況處具有較高的效率和揚(yáng)程，但最優(yōu)工況點(diǎn)的流量較小。此外，計(jì)算結(jié)果表明葉片進(jìn)口的過流面積對(duì)超小型泵的水力性能有明顯的影響；長(zhǎng)短葉片設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)超小型泵的水力性能影響不大，，但對(duì)進(jìn)口處的流動(dòng)情況有明顯的影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society and the progress of technology, the subminiature pump has been widely used in various fields. In this paper, the ultra-small pump with radial vane open impeller has been studied. It lays a foundation for the application and expansion of subminiature pumps in the future. In this paper, the external characteristics and internal flow of the radial and curved blade impellers are investigated by PIV test and numerical calculation. The conclusions are as follows: (1) by comparison, it is found that the head of radial vane type subminiature pump with the same axial flow channel is higher than that of curved vane type superminiature pump, but the efficiency is slightly lower than that of curved vane type superminiature pump; In the case of large flow rate, radial vane subminiature pump has better energy characteristics than curved vane subminiature pump. Therefore, from the view of overall hydraulic characteristics. The radial vane type superminiature pump has no inferior hydraulic performance than the curved vane superminiature pump. And it can keep higher hydraulic efficiency in a large range. 2) the pressure of the curved vane type subminiature pump increases evenly from the inlet to the outlet, but the pressure of the radial vane type subminiature pump increases slightly in the middle section of the flow channel. But the pressure increased rapidly in the latter half of the blade. From the pressure difference between the blade pressure surface and the suction surface, the pressure difference of the curved blade along the blade length changed little. But the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the radial vane pump is large. The results of PIV experiment and numerical calculation show that the flow in the impeller of radial vane type subminiature pump has strong inhomogeneity and there is a swirl near the blade outlet. Although the flow uniformity of radial vane subminiature pump is not as good as that of curved vane pump, the turbulent kinetic energy in the flow channel of the pump is larger. The experimental results and numerical calculations show that the structure of suction tube and volute has a significant effect on the hydraulic performance and internal flow of the subminiature pump. In this paper, the effects of the tip clearance, the shape of the blade shaft surface and the long and short blade on the hydraulic performance of the radial vane type subminiature pump are studied by means of numerical simulation. The hydraulic performance of radial vane type subminiature pump is mainly affected by the tip clearance in that the lift coefficient decreases slightly and the outlet velocity distribution changes to a certain extent. The impeller with monotonous increase of over-flow area has higher efficiency and head at the optimum working condition, but the flow rate at the optimal working condition is smaller. The results show that the flow area at the inlet of the blade has an obvious effect on the hydraulic performance of the subminiature pump. The design of long and short blades has little effect on the hydraulic performance of the subminiature pump, but has obvious influence on the flow situation at the inlet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH38

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本文編號(hào)：1401315