發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-23 22:09

【摘要】：隨著工程材料和涂層工藝的不斷發(fā)展，可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而，在其鉆孔質(zhì)量方面與國(guó)外成熟產(chǎn)品相比存在一些差距，其中可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的徑向力問題是影響其鉆孔質(zhì)量的最主要的因素。 與麻花鉆相比，可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆具有較好的鉆孔質(zhì)量、較低的軸向力、更高的切削速度和進(jìn)給速度。但由于可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆刀片的非對(duì)稱布局，容易導(dǎo)致其在鉆孔過程中受到未平衡的徑向力，過大的徑向力會(huì)引起鉆頭振動(dòng)使鉆孔質(zhì)量降低。因此，如何最大限度地減小可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆在鉆孔過程中受到的徑向力，就成為設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的關(guān)鍵。 本文基于不等分剪切區(qū)模型來計(jì)算剪切面上的剪切應(yīng)力。結(jié)合等效平面法將直角切削理論應(yīng)用到單刃斜角切削的建模中，并根據(jù)直角切削和單刃斜角切削之間的切削力變換關(guān)系對(duì)單刃斜角切削的切削力進(jìn)行分析。為分析可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆在鉆孔過程中受到的徑向力，本文將可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的切削刃離散為一系列無限小的斜角切削單元。在分析了可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆幾何角度的基礎(chǔ)上，以單刃斜角切削為基礎(chǔ)模型，根據(jù)斜角切削和鉆削之間的切削力變換關(guān)系對(duì)可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的鉆削力進(jìn)行分析，建立計(jì)算可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆徑向力的數(shù)學(xué)模型。最后，對(duì)鋁合金Al7050-T7451進(jìn)行多組不同切削參數(shù)的鉆削試驗(yàn)，通過數(shù)值計(jì)算和鉆削試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較，對(duì)本文所建立的數(shù)學(xué)模型的有效性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。本文的主要內(nèi)容有： 1．以安裝有兩個(gè)WCMX型刀片的可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆為本文的研究對(duì)象，建立了分析可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆幾何角度(法前角、刃傾角和主偏角等)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，對(duì)可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的幾何角度沿鉆頭徑向上的變化情況進(jìn)行了分析，并與向量法分析可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的幾何角度進(jìn)行了比較。 2．采用不等分剪切區(qū)模型計(jì)算剪切面上的剪切應(yīng)力。在剪切區(qū)內(nèi)，材料的本構(gòu)關(guān)系采用Johnson-Cook方程表示，結(jié)合切削層材料在剪切區(qū)內(nèi)速度、應(yīng)變、應(yīng)力和溫度的控制方程，通過數(shù)值方法求解剪切面上的剪切應(yīng)力。隨后采用等效平面法將不等分剪切區(qū)模型的理論應(yīng)用到單刃斜角切削的建模中，將單刃斜角切削等效為一系列與等效平面平行的直角切削薄片，并根據(jù)這些與等效平面平行的直角切削薄片和單刃斜角切削之間的切削力變換關(guān)系對(duì)單刃斜角切削的切削力進(jìn)行了分析。 3．分析了將可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的切削刃離散為一系列無限小的單刃斜角切削單元的離散過程。在分析可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆幾何角度的基礎(chǔ)上，，以單刃斜角切削為基礎(chǔ)模型，根據(jù)單刃斜角切削單元和可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆之間的切削力變換關(guān)系對(duì)可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆鉆孔的鉆削力進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)微元鉆削力進(jìn)行數(shù)值積分求和得到可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆鉆孔的鉆削力，最終建立了可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆的徑向力計(jì)算模型。 4．對(duì)鋁合金Al7050-T7451進(jìn)行了多組不同切削參數(shù)的鉆削試驗(yàn)，通過數(shù)值計(jì)算和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較驗(yàn)證了所建立的計(jì)算可轉(zhuǎn)位淺孔鉆鉆削力的數(shù)學(xué)模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of engineering material and coating technology, the indexable shallow hole drill has been widely used in the actual production. However, there are some differences in the quality of its drilling and foreign mature products, in which the problem of the radial force of the indexable shallow hole drill is the most important factor affecting the drilling quality. Compared with the twist drill, the indexable shallow hole drill has better drilling quality, lower axial force, higher cutting speed and feed speed, . However, due to the asymmetric layout of the indexable shallow hole drill insert, it is easy to lead to an unbalanced radial force in the drilling process, and excessive radial force can cause the drill bit to vibrate and the drilling quality can be reduced. Low. Therefore, how to minimize the radial force of the indexable shallow hole in the drilling process becomes the close of the design and optimization of the indexable shallow hole drill In this paper, the shear plane shear is calculated on the basis of a non-equipartition shear zone model In this paper, a right-angle cutting theory is applied to the modeling of single-edge bevel cutting in combination with the equivalent plane method, and the cutting force of the single-edge bevel cutting is cut according to the relationship between the cutting force and the cutting force between the right-angle cutting and the single-edge bevel cutting. In order to analyze the radial force of the indexable shallow hole in the drilling process, the cutting edge of the indexable shallow hole drill is discretized into a series of small bevel cut. Based on the analysis of the geometric angle of the indexable shallow hole, the cutting force of the indexable shallow hole drill is analyzed based on the cutting force transformation relation between the bevel cutting and the drilling, and the number of the radial force of the indexable shallow hole drill is established. In the end, the drilling test of several sets of different cutting parameters of the aluminum alloy Al7050-T7451 is carried out, and the validity of the mathematical model established in this paper is obtained by the comparison of the numerical calculation and the drilling test results. line verification. The main purpose of this paper is to The contents are as follows:1. An indexable shallow hole with two WCMX blades is used as the research object in this paper, and the geometric angle of the indexable shallow hole drill (the rake angle, the blade inclination angle and the main declination angle, etc.) is established. The geometric angle of the indexable shallow hole drill is analyzed in the radial direction of the bit, and the geometric angle of the indexable shallow hole drill is analyzed by the vector method. A comparison is made.2. The shear zone model is used to calculate the shear stress. The shear stress on the surface. In the shear zone, the constitutive relation of the material is represented by the Johnson-Cook equation, and the shear zone material is combined with the control equation of speed, strain, stress and temperature in the shear zone, and the shearing is solved by the numerical method. The shear stress on the surface is then applied to the modeling of the single-edge bevel cutting by the equivalent plane method, and the single-edge bevel cutting is equivalent to a series of parallel planes parallel to the equivalent plane. the right-angle cutting sheet and cutting the single-edge bevel cut according to the relationship of the cutting force between the right-angle cutting sheet and the single-edge bevel cutting parallel to the equivalent plane 3. The cutting edge of the indexable shallow hole drill is discretized into a series of small, single-edge oblique angles. The invention relates to a discrete process of a cutting unit, on the basis of analyzing the geometrical angle of the indexable shallow hole drill, a single-edge oblique angle cutting is used as a basic model, and the indexable shallow-hole drill bit can be drilled according to the cutting force transformation relation between the single-edge oblique angle cutting unit and the indexable shallow hole drill. The drilling force of the hole is analyzed, the drilling force of the drill hole of the indexable shallow hole is obtained by the numerical integral summation of the micro-element drilling force, and the indexable shallow hole is finally established. The radial force calculation model of the drill is given.4. The drilling test of several sets of different cutting parameters is carried out on the aluminum alloy Al7050-T7451, and the established calculation indexable shallow hole drill can be verified by the comparison of the numerical calculation and the test result.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG52

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