密封環(huán)變形法加工中熱裝式夾具的設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-28 09:06
【摘要】：核主泵在核電站的運(yùn)行過(guò)程中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,一直被認(rèn)為是核反應(yīng)堆的心臟。機(jī)械密封是決定核主泵正常工作的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),但機(jī)械密封組件在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中極易損壞,發(fā)生泄漏,一旦泄漏量超過(guò)規(guī)定的值,很可能會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全事故。然而目前我國(guó)對(duì)核主泵密封結(jié)構(gòu)密封機(jī)理和作用機(jī)制的研究還不夠深入,不能夠形成整體的產(chǎn)品研發(fā)體系,嚴(yán)重制約了核電事業(yè)的發(fā)展。只有開(kāi)展對(duì)核主泵密封機(jī)理的深入研究和對(duì)密封結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)研究,才能加快核電設(shè)備國(guó)產(chǎn)化步伐。預(yù)變形平面研磨加工方法(簡(jiǎn)稱變形法)是不依賴于高精度加工設(shè)備的一種復(fù)雜曲面加工方法,有望實(shí)現(xiàn)核主泵用密封環(huán)的低成本高效加工。熱裝式夾具是實(shí)現(xiàn)密封環(huán)預(yù)變形的方法之一,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)密封環(huán)的端面變形。本文分別針對(duì)核主泵用流體靜壓圓錐面密封環(huán)和動(dòng)壓周向波度密封環(huán),設(shè)計(jì)了兩種密封環(huán)加工的熱裝式夾具。利用有限元分析方法,對(duì)過(guò)盈配合夾具熱裝過(guò)程和密封環(huán)預(yù)變形過(guò)程進(jìn)行了分析,最后,進(jìn)行夾具的研制和預(yù)變形平面研磨實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了熱裝式夾具預(yù)變形加工方法的可行性。在圓錐面密封環(huán)和夾具的模型分析中,發(fā)現(xiàn)加載齒的過(guò)盈量與預(yù)變形傾角成明顯的線性關(guān)系,因而可通過(guò)調(diào)整過(guò)盈量,對(duì)密封端面進(jìn)行優(yōu)化；分析了加載齒厚度與預(yù)變形傾角的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)齒厚為3～5mm時(shí),齒厚與傾角呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,齒厚為1～3mm,齒厚對(duì)傾角的影響較小。這是因?yàn)?齒厚較小時(shí),加載齒對(duì)密封環(huán)的作用力很小,因而與傾角大小之間不存在明顯的關(guān)系。在周向波度密封環(huán)熱裝式夾具的設(shè)計(jì)和分析中,研究了夾具主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和加工精度對(duì)預(yù)變形精度的影響,并基于雷諾方程,對(duì)密封環(huán)的密封性能進(jìn)行了分析。通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),波度區(qū)的波幅和周向長(zhǎng)度可以通過(guò)加載齒的周向長(zhǎng)度和過(guò)盈量來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)�；诳煽啃苑治�,發(fā)現(xiàn)為保證波幅誤差均方差在0.15μm以內(nèi),夾具和密封環(huán)的綜合誤差均方差要小于0.5μm�；趯�(duì)預(yù)測(cè)加工波形的密封性能分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用變形法加工獲得的波度表面和相同波幅的理想表面的密封性能有一定差異。最后,對(duì)熱裝式夾具進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),研制出圓錐面密封環(huán)預(yù)變形加工夾具,最后所得預(yù)變形端面變形幅值約為11.1μm,與有限元模擬結(jié)果吻合。對(duì)預(yù)變形后的密封環(huán)進(jìn)行研磨,完成了錐面密封環(huán)的加工,驗(yàn)證了熱裝式夾具預(yù)變形平面研磨方法加工圓錐面密封環(huán)的可行性。
[Abstract]:Nuclear pump plays an important role in the operation of nuclear power plant and has been regarded as the heart of nuclear reactor. Mechanical seal is the key technology to determine the normal operation of the nuclear main pump, but the mechanical seal components are easy to be damaged and leak in the process of operation. Once the leakage exceeds the prescribed value, it may cause serious life and property safety accidents. However, the research on sealing mechanism and action mechanism of nuclear main pump seal structure in our country is not deep enough at present, it can't form the whole product research and development system, which seriously restricts the development of nuclear power industry. Only by studying the sealing mechanism of nuclear main pump and the innovative design of sealing structure can we speed up the localization of nuclear power equipment. Pre-deformed plane grinding method (abbreviated as deformation method) is a complex curved surface machining method which does not depend on high precision machining equipment. It is expected to realize the low cost and high efficiency machining of sealing ring for nuclear main pump. Hot-mounted fixture is one of the methods to realize the pre-deformation of seal ring, which can realize the end surface deformation of seal ring. In this paper, for hydrostatic conical seal ring and hydrostatic circumferential wave sealing ring for nuclear main pump, two hot clamps are designed for machining sealing ring. In this paper, the hot loading process of interference fit fixture and the predeformation process of seal ring are analyzed by using finite element analysis method. Finally, the feasibility of hot fitting fixture pre-deformation machining method is verified by the development of fixture and the experiment of pre-deformation plane grinding. In the model analysis of the sealing ring and fixture on the conical surface, it is found that the interference of the loaded teeth is linearly related to the predeformation inclination, so the seal end face can be optimized by adjusting the interference. The relationship between the thickness of the loaded teeth and the inclination angle of predeformation is analyzed. It is found that when the tooth thickness is 3~5mm, the tooth thickness is negatively related to the inclination angle, and the tooth thickness is 1 ~ 3 mm, and the influence of tooth thickness on the dip angle is small. This is because when the tooth thickness is small, the force of loading tooth on the seal ring is very small, so there is no obvious relationship between the loading tooth and the angle of inclination. In the design and analysis of hot mounting fixture for circumferential wave sealing ring, the influence of main structure parameters and machining precision of fixture on predeformation accuracy is studied. Based on Reynolds equation, the sealing performance of seal ring is analyzed. It is found that the amplitude and circumferential length of the wavenumber region can be adjusted by the circumferential length and interference of the loaded teeth. Based on reliability analysis, it is found that in order to ensure that the mean square deviation of amplitude error is less than 0.15 渭 m, the mean square deviation of comprehensive error of fixture and seal ring is less than 0.5 渭 m. Based on the analysis of the sealing performance of the predicted waveforms, it is found that the sealing performance of the wavenumber surface machined by deformation method is different from that of the ideal surface with the same amplitude. Finally, the predeformation jig of conical sealing ring is developed by optimizing the design of hot clamping fixture. Finally, the deformation amplitude of pre-deformed end face is about 11.1 渭 m, which is in good agreement with the finite element simulation results. The predeformed seal ring was ground, the conical seal ring was processed, and the feasibility of machining conical seal ring was verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM623;TG75
本文編號(hào)：2416916
[Abstract]:Nuclear pump plays an important role in the operation of nuclear power plant and has been regarded as the heart of nuclear reactor. Mechanical seal is the key technology to determine the normal operation of the nuclear main pump, but the mechanical seal components are easy to be damaged and leak in the process of operation. Once the leakage exceeds the prescribed value, it may cause serious life and property safety accidents. However, the research on sealing mechanism and action mechanism of nuclear main pump seal structure in our country is not deep enough at present, it can't form the whole product research and development system, which seriously restricts the development of nuclear power industry. Only by studying the sealing mechanism of nuclear main pump and the innovative design of sealing structure can we speed up the localization of nuclear power equipment. Pre-deformed plane grinding method (abbreviated as deformation method) is a complex curved surface machining method which does not depend on high precision machining equipment. It is expected to realize the low cost and high efficiency machining of sealing ring for nuclear main pump. Hot-mounted fixture is one of the methods to realize the pre-deformation of seal ring, which can realize the end surface deformation of seal ring. In this paper, for hydrostatic conical seal ring and hydrostatic circumferential wave sealing ring for nuclear main pump, two hot clamps are designed for machining sealing ring. In this paper, the hot loading process of interference fit fixture and the predeformation process of seal ring are analyzed by using finite element analysis method. Finally, the feasibility of hot fitting fixture pre-deformation machining method is verified by the development of fixture and the experiment of pre-deformation plane grinding. In the model analysis of the sealing ring and fixture on the conical surface, it is found that the interference of the loaded teeth is linearly related to the predeformation inclination, so the seal end face can be optimized by adjusting the interference. The relationship between the thickness of the loaded teeth and the inclination angle of predeformation is analyzed. It is found that when the tooth thickness is 3~5mm, the tooth thickness is negatively related to the inclination angle, and the tooth thickness is 1 ~ 3 mm, and the influence of tooth thickness on the dip angle is small. This is because when the tooth thickness is small, the force of loading tooth on the seal ring is very small, so there is no obvious relationship between the loading tooth and the angle of inclination. In the design and analysis of hot mounting fixture for circumferential wave sealing ring, the influence of main structure parameters and machining precision of fixture on predeformation accuracy is studied. Based on Reynolds equation, the sealing performance of seal ring is analyzed. It is found that the amplitude and circumferential length of the wavenumber region can be adjusted by the circumferential length and interference of the loaded teeth. Based on reliability analysis, it is found that in order to ensure that the mean square deviation of amplitude error is less than 0.15 渭 m, the mean square deviation of comprehensive error of fixture and seal ring is less than 0.5 渭 m. Based on the analysis of the sealing performance of the predicted waveforms, it is found that the sealing performance of the wavenumber surface machined by deformation method is different from that of the ideal surface with the same amplitude. Finally, the predeformation jig of conical sealing ring is developed by optimizing the design of hot clamping fixture. Finally, the deformation amplitude of pre-deformed end face is about 11.1 渭 m, which is in good agreement with the finite element simulation results. The predeformed seal ring was ground, the conical seal ring was processed, and the feasibility of machining conical seal ring was verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM623;TG75
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