發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-26 20:27

【摘要】：采用Nd:YAG激光器對(duì)活塞銷工作面進(jìn)行激光合金化處理,以提高其表面硬度和耐磨性能。通過對(duì)活塞銷工作面激光合金化的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究及理論分析,進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù),提高合金化質(zhì)量。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)主要從激光的加工方法、合金化材料的選擇、合金化材料的添加方式、基體材料表面的預(yù)處理以及激光掃描路徑規(guī)劃五個(gè)方面,對(duì)活塞銷工作面激光合金化的工藝進(jìn)行制定。(2)為方便對(duì)活塞銷進(jìn)行激光表面合金化處理,獲得較好的表面質(zhì)量,根據(jù)活塞銷的尺寸以及結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)活塞銷的專用夾具對(duì)其進(jìn)行裝夾,并利用靜電吸附的原理設(shè)計(jì)合金化粉末的預(yù)涂裝置,提高了加工效率。(3)通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)得出脈沖工作電流、掃描速度、脈沖寬度、脈沖頻率和離焦量對(duì)合金層質(zhì)量的影響規(guī)律,選擇脈沖工作電流、掃描速度和離焦量三個(gè)因素進(jìn)行正交試驗(yàn),得出最佳工藝參數(shù)組合為:脈沖工作電流I=150A,掃描速度V=160mm/min,離焦量L=12mm,脈沖寬度ti=0.8ms,脈沖頻率f=100Hz,并建立了基于活塞銷工作面硬度以及合金化厚度的數(shù)學(xué)模型。(4)在最佳工藝參數(shù)組合下,通過X射線衍射分析發(fā)現(xiàn)合金層的物相主要由馬氏體、Fe-Ni固溶體、Ni-Cr-Fe固溶體、Cr_(23)C_6、Cr B、Ni_2Si等,其對(duì)合金層表面強(qiáng)化起著重要作用。(5)在最佳工藝參數(shù)組合下,用銷環(huán)式磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)活塞銷激光合金化處理的部分進(jìn)行耐磨性實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明激光合金化處理20Cr鋼活塞銷的耐磨性比未處理前的增強(qiáng)了4.3倍。通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察,活塞銷工作面經(jīng)合金化處理以后,磨損面較為光滑,沒有出現(xiàn)明顯的剝落和犁溝現(xiàn)象,耐磨性得到較大的提高。
[Abstract]:The surface hardness and wear resistance of piston pin face were improved by laser alloying with Nd:YAG laser. Through the experimental study and theoretical analysis of laser alloying in piston pin working face, the technological parameters are further optimized and the alloying quality is improved. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) mainly from the laser processing method, the alloying material choice, the alloying material addition way, the matrix material surface pretreatment and the laser scanning path planning five aspects, The technology of laser alloying of piston pin working face is made. (2) in order to facilitate laser surface alloying treatment of piston pin and obtain better surface quality, according to the size and structure characteristics of piston pin, The special clamp of piston pin is designed to install it, and the precoating device of alloyed powder is designed by the principle of electrostatic adsorption, which improves the processing efficiency. (3) the pulse working current, scanning speed and pulse width are obtained by single factor experiment. The effect of pulse frequency and defocus on the quality of alloy layer was studied. The orthogonal experiments were carried out by selecting three factors: pulse working current, scanning speed and defocusing amount. The optimum process parameters were obtained as follows: pulse working current I ~ (150) A, scanning speed V ~ (160 mm / min), scanning speed (V) 160 mm / min. A mathematical model based on hardness and alloying thickness of piston pin face is established, which is based on 12mm defocus and pulse width ti=0.8ms, pulse frequency f100 Hz. (4) under the optimum technological parameters, X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the phases of the alloy layer are mainly martensite, Fe-Ni solid solution, Ni-Cr-Fe solid solution, Cr_ (23) C _ (6) Cr BJ _ (2) Si, etc. It plays an important role in strengthening the surface of the alloy layer. (5) the wear resistance of the parts of the piston pin treated by laser alloying is tested with the pin ring wear tester under the best technological parameters. The results show that the wear resistance of 20Cr steel Piston pin treated by laser alloying is 4.3 times higher than that of untreated Piston pin. By scanning electron microscope, the wear surface of piston pin face is smooth after alloying, no obvious flaking and ploughing, and the wear resistance is improved greatly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG665

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本文編號(hào)：2415878