【摘要】：與單絲埋弧焊相比,雙絲埋弧焊具有兩個(gè)電弧,輸入的總熱量增加,能顯著提高焊接效率,且在高速焊時(shí)能有效避免咬邊、駝峰等缺陷。目前,普通雙絲埋弧焊的兩臺(tái)電源同時(shí)起弧和收弧,起弧和收弧兩處只有單絲效果,焊縫寬度較窄,焊接強(qiáng)度難以符合要求,浪費(fèi)母材;收弧過程中的大電流作用會(huì)導(dǎo)致焊縫的尾部形成很大的弧坑,熔化的焊絲不足以填滿弧坑,焊縫尾部下塌。另外,后置焊絲采用的交流電源在高速焊接時(shí)容易起弧失敗或斷弧,影響焊接效果。本文提出了通過協(xié)同控制系統(tǒng)解決以上問題的方案。焊接啟動(dòng)時(shí),啟動(dòng)行走小車,前置焊絲起弧,當(dāng)后置焊絲到達(dá)前置焊絲起弧的位置時(shí),后置焊絲起弧;焊接結(jié)束時(shí),先停止前置焊絲輸出,后置焊絲到達(dá)前置焊絲收弧的位置時(shí),停止行走小車,逐漸減少后置焊絲的電流和送絲電壓。協(xié)同控制雙絲埋弧焊系統(tǒng)具有完整的雙絲焊焊接效果,收弧過程中的弧坑問題也得到明顯改善。母材被前置焊絲預(yù)熱后,后置焊絲起弧和維弧需要的能量減少,使雙絲焊焊接更穩(wěn)定,焊接效果更好。本文以基于ARM Cortex?-M4內(nèi)核的微處理器TM4C123GHPGE作為主控芯片,開發(fā)了雙絲高效埋弧焊協(xié)同控制系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì)了相關(guān)的硬件電路和軟件。硬件電路包括最小系統(tǒng)、帶隔離的數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換電路、AD采樣電路、CAN總線通信接口電路、送絲電路、行走小車速度控制電路等。軟件包括主程序,參數(shù)預(yù)置、焊接啟動(dòng)、焊接過程控制、焊接停止、AD采樣、CAN通信等子程序。同時(shí),設(shè)計(jì)了基于ARM和觸摸屏的人機(jī)交互系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了人機(jī)交互系統(tǒng)的數(shù)字化和可視化。最后,基于協(xié)同控系統(tǒng)搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),進(jìn)行了單絲直流埋弧焊實(shí)驗(yàn)、單絲交流埋弧焊實(shí)驗(yàn)、普通雙絲埋弧焊實(shí)驗(yàn)和協(xié)同控制雙絲埋弧焊實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,協(xié)同控制雙絲焊系統(tǒng)工作可靠穩(wěn)定,焊接質(zhì)量好,焊接效率高,焊接過程、起弧和收弧的協(xié)同控制效果良好,實(shí)現(xiàn)了雙絲埋弧焊的協(xié)同控制。
[Abstract]:Compared with single wire submerged arc welding, double wire submerged arc welding has two arcs, increases the total heat input, can significantly improve the welding efficiency, and can effectively avoid the defects of cutting edge and hump in high speed welding. At present, the two power sources of common double wire submerged arc welding start and close arc at the same time. There is only single wire effect in arc starting and arc closing, the width of weld is narrow, the welding strength is difficult to meet the requirements, and the base metal is wasted. The large current in the arc closing process will result in the formation of a very large arc pit at the end of the weld, and the welding wire will not be sufficient to fill the arc pit, and the tail of the weld will collapse. In addition, the AC power supply used by the post welding wire is apt to cause arc failure or break arc in high speed welding, which affects the welding effect. In this paper, a scheme to solve the above problems by cooperative control system is put forward. When the welding start, start walking car, the front welding wire start arc, when the rear welding wire reaches the position of the front wire starting arc, the rear welding wire starts the arc; At the end of welding, the output of the front welding wire is stopped first, and when the post wire reaches the position of the arc closing of the front wire, the walking car is stopped, and the current and the wire feeding voltage of the post wire are gradually reduced. Co-control double wire submerged arc welding system has a complete effect of double wire welding, and the arc pit problem in the process of arc closing has been obviously improved. After the base metal is preheated by the front welding wire, the energy needed for the arc starting and the dimension arc of the post welding wire is reduced, which makes the double wire welding more stable and the welding effect is better. In this paper, based on the ARM Cortex?-M4 core microprocessor TM4C123GHPGE as the main control chip, a double wire high efficiency submerged arc welding cooperative control system is developed, and the related hardware circuit and software are designed. The hardware circuit includes minimum system, digital-analog conversion circuit with isolation, AD sampling circuit, CAN bus communication interface circuit, wire feeding circuit, speed control circuit of walking trolley and so on. The software includes main program, parameter preset, welding start, welding process control, welding stop, AD sampling, CAN communication and so on. At the same time, the human-computer interaction system based on ARM and touch screen is designed, and the digitization and visualization of human-computer interaction system are realized. Finally, the experiment platform is built based on the cooperative control system. The experiments of single wire DC submerged arc welding, single wire AC submerged arc welding, common double wire submerged arc welding and cooperative control double wire submerged arc welding are carried out. The experimental results show that the double wire welding system works reliably and stably, the welding quality is good, the welding efficiency is high, the cooperative control effect of welding process, arc starting and arc closing is good, and the cooperative control of double wire submerged arc welding is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG409

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本文編號(hào)：2344106