【摘要】：2000年以后,隨著國家對航天航空等工業(yè)發(fā)展的大力扶持,以及制造業(yè)競爭的日益激烈,航空部件的制造也隨著數(shù)字化技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展進(jìn)入了數(shù)字時代。只有保證了航空部件的低成本、高質(zhì)量、高環(huán)保性,才能保持航空產(chǎn)品的先進(jìn)性,這就需要擁有更高速、更精確、更可靠的加工技術(shù)。然而航空工業(yè)產(chǎn)品零件往往具有耐高溫、高強(qiáng)度、難加工,合金材料和復(fù)合材料多、復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)件多、工藝要求高、價格昂貴的特點,普通低端數(shù)控加工中心在切削精度、質(zhì)量、效率等方面都難以勝任。針對飛機(jī)起落架、發(fā)動機(jī)等鈦合金零部件加工用國產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床以及國產(chǎn)高檔數(shù)控系統(tǒng)國內(nèi)目前尚處空白。本文首先陳述了數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢,探討了數(shù)控技術(shù)改造必要性和優(yōu)越性,介紹數(shù)控銑床的主要特點及適用范圍,分析了機(jī)床數(shù)控改造的可行性及改造步驟設(shè)計。然后對機(jī)床坐標(biāo)電機(jī)伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的控制原理進(jìn)行了研究,分析計算了機(jī)床各個電機(jī)的選型方法,運(yùn)用廣州數(shù)控系統(tǒng)GSK25i對西飛公司FSP-120V五坐標(biāo)數(shù)控立式加工中心進(jìn)行數(shù)控改造,說明了該系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試方法,設(shè)計了機(jī)床可編程控制器(PLC)程序和刀庫程序,介紹了五軸聯(lián)動下RTCP(刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)中心點控制)精度和機(jī)床定位精度的檢測和補(bǔ)償。最后結(jié)合實際工程經(jīng)驗,詳細(xì)設(shè)計了數(shù)控機(jī)床的主軸及其配套軸承,并對設(shè)計好的主軸進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度和剛性分析,對其靜強(qiáng)度、剛度特性進(jìn)行校核。
[Abstract]:After 2000, with the great support of the country to the development of aerospace industry and the increasingly fierce competition of manufacturing industry, the manufacture of aviation components has also entered the digital age with the rapid development of digital technology. Only by ensuring the low cost, high quality and high environmental protection of aviation components, can we maintain the advanced nature of aviation products, which requires more high-speed, more accurate and more reliable processing technology. However, the components of aeronautical industrial products often have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high strength, difficult processing, many alloy materials and composite materials, many complex structural parts, high process requirements and high price. Efficiency and other aspects are not competent. The domestic numerical control machine tool for aircraft landing gear, engine and other titanium alloy parts processing and the domestic high grade numerical control system are still blank in our country. In this paper, the development trend of numerical control technology is first stated, the necessity and superiority of numerical control technical transformation are discussed, the main features and applicable scope of NC milling machine are introduced, the feasibility and design of reconstruction steps of NC machine tool are analyzed. Then, the control principle of the servo drive system of machine tool coordinate motor is studied, and the selection method of each motor of machine tool is analyzed and calculated. The NC transformation of FSP-120V 5-axis vertical NC machining center of Xifei Company is carried out by using Guangzhou NC system GSK25i. The debugging method of the system is explained, and the (PLC) program and tool library program of the programmable controller of machine tool are designed. The measurement and compensation of tool rotation center point control (RTCP) precision and machine tool positioning accuracy under five axis linkage are introduced. Finally, combined with practical engineering experience, the spindle and its supporting bearings of NC machine tool are designed in detail, and the strength and rigidity of the designed spindle are analyzed, and the static strength and stiffness characteristics of the spindle are checked.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG547

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